System.IO.BinaryReader.ReadInt16()

public static Gvas Read(Stream stream)
        {
            using (var reader = new BinaryReader(stream, Encoding.ASCII, true))
            {
                var header = reader.ReadBytes(Gvas.Header.Length);
                if (!Gvas.Header.SequenceEqual(header))
                    throw new FormatException($"Invalid header, expected {Gvas.Header.AsHex()}");

                var result = new Gvas();
                result.SaveGameVersion = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.PackageVersion = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.EngineVersion.Major = reader.ReadInt16();
                result.EngineVersion.Minor = reader.ReadInt16();
                result.EngineVersion.Patch = reader.ReadInt16();
                result.EngineVersion.Build = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.EngineVersion.BuildId = reader.ReadUEString();
                result.CustomFormatVersion = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.CustomFormatData.Count = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.CustomFormatData.Entries = new CustomFormatDataEntry[result.CustomFormatData.Count];
                for (var i = 0; i < result.CustomFormatData.Count; i++)
                {
                    var entry = new CustomFormatDataEntry();
                    entry.Id = new Guid(reader.ReadBytes(16));
                    entry.Value = reader.ReadInt32();
                    result.CustomFormatData.Entries[i] = entry;
                }
                result.SaveGameType = reader.ReadUEString();

                while (UEProperty.Read(reader) is UEProperty prop)
                    result.Properties.Add(prop);

                return result;
            }
        }

private void ReadWaveFormat(BinaryReader br, int formatChunkLength)
        {
            if (formatChunkLength < 16)
                throw new ApplicationException("Invalid WaveFormat Structure");
            this.waveFormatTag = (WaveFormatEncoding)br.ReadUInt16();
            this.channels = br.ReadInt16();
            this.sampleRate = br.ReadInt32();
            this.averageBytesPerSecond = br.ReadInt32();
            this.blockAlign = br.ReadInt16();
            this.bitsPerSample = br.ReadInt16();
            if (formatChunkLength > 16)
            {
                this.extraSize = br.ReadInt16();
                if (this.extraSize != formatChunkLength - 18)
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine("Format chunk mismatch");
                    this.extraSize = (short)(formatChunkLength - 18);
                }
            }
        }

public override short ReadInt16()
        {
            if (endian == EndianType.BigEndian)
            {
                a16 = ReadBytes(2);
                Array.Reverse(a16);
                return BitConverter.ToInt16(a16, 0);
            }
            return base.ReadInt16();
        }

public void Unpack(BinaryReader reader)
        {
            PortalIndex = reader.ReadInt16();
            PolygonId   = reader.ReadInt16();
        }

private List<int> GetImageColorArray()
        {
            List<int> colors = new List<int>();
            if (Length == 0) return colors;

            switch (Format)
            {
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_R8G8B8: // RGB
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint i = 0; i < Height; i++)
                            for (uint j = 0; j < Width; j++)
                            {
                                byte b = reader.ReadByte();
                                byte g = reader.ReadByte();
                                byte r = reader.ReadByte();
                                int color = (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
                                colors.Add(color);
                            }
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_CUSTOM_LSCAPE_R8G8B8:
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint i = 0; i < Height; i++)
                            for (uint j = 0; j < Width; j++)
                            {
                                byte r = reader.ReadByte();
                                byte g = reader.ReadByte();
                                byte b = reader.ReadByte();
                                int color = (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
                                colors.Add(color);
                            }
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_A8R8G8B8: // ARGB format. Most UI textures fall into this category
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint i = 0; i < Height; i++)
                            for (uint j = 0; j < Width; j++)
                                colors.Add(reader.ReadInt32());
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_INDEX16: // 16-bit indexed colors. Index references position in a palette;
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint y = 0; y < Height; y++)
                            for (uint x = 0; x < Width; x++)
                                colors.Add(reader.ReadInt16());
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_A8: // Greyscale, also known as Cairo A8.
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_CUSTOM_LSCAPE_ALPHA:
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint y = 0; y < Height; y++)
                            for (uint x = 0; x < Width; x++)
                                colors.Add(reader.ReadByte());
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_P8: // Indexed
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint y = 0; y < Height; y++)
                            for (uint x = 0; x < Width; x++)
                                colors.Add(reader.ReadByte());
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_R5G6B5: // 16-bit RGB
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint y = 0; y < Height; y++)
                            for (uint x = 0; x < Width; x++)
                            {
                                ushort val = reader.ReadUInt16();
                                List<int> color = get565RGB(val);
                                colors.Add(color[0]); // Red
                                colors.Add(color[1]); // Green
                                colors.Add(color[2]); // Blue
                            }
                    }
                    break;
                case SurfacePixelFormat.PFID_A4R4G4B4:
                    using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
                    {
                        for (uint y = 0; y < Height; y++)
                            for (uint x = 0; x < Width; x++)
                            {
                                ushort val = reader.ReadUInt16();
                                int alpha = (val >> 12) / 0xF * 255;
                                int red = (val >> 8 & 0xF) / 0xF * 255;
                                int green = (val >> 4 & 0xF) / 0xF * 255;
                                int blue = (val & 0xF) / 0xF * 255;

                                colors.Add(alpha);
                                colors.Add(red);
                                colors.Add(green);
                                colors.Add(blue);
                            }
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    Console.WriteLine("Unhandled SurfacePixelFormat (" + Format.ToString() + ") in RenderSurface " + Id.ToString("X8"));
                    break;
            }

            return colors;
        }

private List<int> GetPaletteIndexes()
        {
            List<int> colors = new List<int>();
            using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(SourceData)))
            {
                for (uint y = 0; y < Height; y++)
                    for (uint x = 0; x < Width; x++)
                        colors.Add(reader.ReadInt16());
            }
            return colors;
        }

public override void Unpack(BinaryReader reader)
        {
            Version = reader.ReadInt32();
            Base = reader.ReadInt16();
            NumDecimalDigits = reader.ReadInt16();
            LeadingZero = reader.ReadBoolean();

            GroupingSize = reader.ReadInt16();
            Numerals = UnpackList(reader);
            DecimalSeperator = UnpackList(reader);
            GroupingSeperator = UnpackList(reader);
            NegativeNumberFormat = UnpackList(reader);
            IsZeroSingular = reader.ReadBoolean();
            IsOneSingular = reader.ReadBoolean();
            IsNegativeOneSingular = reader.ReadBoolean();
            IsTwoOrMoreSingular = reader.ReadBoolean();
            IsNegativeTwoOrLessSingular = reader.ReadBoolean();
            reader.AlignBoundary();

            TreasurePrefixLetters = UnpackList(reader);
            TreasureMiddleLetters = UnpackList(reader);
            TreasureSuffixLetters = UnpackList(reader);
            MalePlayerLetters = UnpackList(reader);
            FemalePlayerLetters = UnpackList(reader);
            ImeEnabledSetting = reader.ReadUInt32();

            SymbolColor = reader.ReadUInt32();
            SymbolColorText = reader.ReadUInt32();
            SymbolHeight = reader.ReadUInt32();
            SymbolTranslucence = reader.ReadUInt32();
            SymbolPlacement = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CandColorBase = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CandColorBorder = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CandColorText = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompColorInput = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompColorTargetConv = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompColorConverted = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompColorTargetNotConv = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompColorInputErr = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompTranslucence = reader.ReadUInt32();
            CompColorText = reader.ReadUInt32();
            OtherIME = reader.ReadUInt32();

            WordWrapOnSpace = reader.ReadInt32();
            AdditionalSettings = UnpackList(reader);
            AdditionalFlags = reader.ReadUInt32();
        }

public void Unpack(BinaryReader reader)
        {
            NumPts      = reader.ReadByte();
            Stippling   = (StipplingType)reader.ReadByte();

            SidesType   = (CullMode)reader.ReadInt32();
            PosSurface  = reader.ReadInt16();
            NegSurface  = reader.ReadInt16();

            for (short i = 0; i < NumPts; i++)
                VertexIds.Add(reader.ReadInt16());

            if (!Stippling.HasFlag(StipplingType.NoPos))
            {
                for (short i = 0; i < NumPts; i++)
                    PosUVIndices.Add(reader.ReadByte());
            }

            if (SidesType == CullMode.Clockwise && !Stippling.HasFlag(StipplingType.NoNeg))
            {
                for (short i = 0; i < NumPts; i++)
                    NegUVIndices.Add(reader.ReadByte());
            }

            if (SidesType == CullMode.None)
            {
                NegSurface = PosSurface;
                NegUVIndices = PosUVIndices;
            }
        }

private static List<int> GetColors(ACE.DatLoader.FileTypes.Texture texture)
        {
            var colors = new List<int>();
            using (BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(texture.SourceData)))
            {
                for (uint y = 0; y < texture.Height; y++)
                    for (uint x = 0; x < texture.Width; x++)
                        colors.Add(reader.ReadInt16());
            }
            return colors;
        }

public object[] Deserialize(byte[] data)
    {
        MemoryStream Stream = new MemoryStream(data);
        BinaryReader Reader = new BinaryReader(Stream, Encoding.UTF8);
        List<object> Items = new List<object>();
        byte Current = 0;
        byte Count = Reader.ReadByte();

        for (int I = 0; I <= Count - 1; I++)
        {
            Current = Reader.ReadByte();

            switch (Current)
            {
                case 0:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadBoolean());
                    break;
                case 1:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadByte());
                    break;
                case 2:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadBytes(Reader.ReadInt32()));
                    break;
                case 3:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadChar());
                    break;
                case 4:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadString().ToCharArray());
                    break;
                case 5:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadDecimal());
                    break;
                case 6:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadDouble());
                    break;
                case 7:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadInt32());
                    break;
                case 8:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadInt64());
                    break;
                case 9:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadSByte());
                    break;
                case 10:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadInt16());
                    break;
                case 11:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadSingle());
                    break;
                case 12:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadString());
                    break;
                case 13:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadUInt32());
                    break;
                case 14:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadUInt64());
                    break;
                case 15:
                    Items.Add(Reader.ReadUInt16());
                    break;
                case 16:
                    Items.Add(DateTime.FromBinary(Reader.ReadInt64()));
                    break;
            }
        }

        Reader.Close();
        return Items.ToArray();
    }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            numSamples16Bit = br.ReadInt32();
            unk3 = new short[]
                       {
                           br.ReadInt16(),
                           br.ReadInt16(),
                           br.ReadInt16(),
                           br.ReadInt16(),
                       };
                
            numStates = br.ReadInt32();

            if (numStates > 0)
            {
                states = new DviAdpcmDecoder.AdpcmState[numStates];
                for (int i = 0; i < numStates; i++)
                {
                    states[i].valprev = br.ReadInt16();
                    states[i].index = br.ReadByte();
                }
            }
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            unk1Reserved = br.ReadInt32();
            unk2Reserved = br.ReadInt32();
            hash = br.ReadUInt32();
            numSamplesInBytes = br.ReadInt32();
            numSamples16Bit = br.ReadInt32();
            unk4 = br.ReadInt32();
            sampleRate = br.ReadUInt16();

            unk5 = br.ReadInt16();
            unk6 = br.ReadInt16();
            unk7Reserved = br.ReadInt16();

            offsetAdpcmStateTable = br.ReadInt64();
        }

public virtual void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            RiffChunkID = br.ReadInt32();
            RiffChunkSize = br.ReadInt32();
            Format = br.ReadInt32();

            FmtChunkID = br.ReadInt32();
            FmtChunkSize = br.ReadInt32();
            AudioFormat = br.ReadUInt16();
            NumChannels = br.ReadInt16();
            SampleRate = br.ReadInt32();
            ByteRate = br.ReadInt32();
            BlockAlign = br.ReadInt16();
            BitsPerSample = br.ReadInt16();

            if (AudioFormat == WaveFormatExtensible)
            {
                ExtraDataSize = br.ReadInt16();
                ValidBitsPerSample = br.ReadInt16();
                AvailableChannelMask = (ChannelMask) br.ReadInt32();
                FormatGuid[0] = br.ReadUInt32();
                FormatGuid[1] = br.ReadUInt32();
                FormatGuid[2] = br.ReadUInt32();
                FormatGuid[3] = br.ReadUInt32();
            }

            DataChunkID = br.ReadInt32();
            DataChunkSize = br.ReadInt32();
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            Identifier = br.ReadUInt32();
            Version = br.ReadInt32();
            EntryCount = br.ReadInt32();
            TocSize = br.ReadInt32();
            TocEntrySize = br.ReadInt16();
            Unknown2 = br.ReadInt16();
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            uint temp = br.ReadUInt32();
            IsResourceFile = ((temp & 0xc0000000) != 0);

            if (!IsResourceFile)
            {
                Size = (int) temp;
            }
            else
            {
                RSCFlags = temp;
            }

            ResourceType = (ResourceType) br.ReadInt32();
            OffsetBlock = br.ReadInt32();
            UsedBlocks = br.ReadInt16();
            Flags = br.ReadInt16();

            if (IsResourceFile)
            {
                Size = UsedBlocks*0x800 - PaddingCount;
            }

            // Uses 0x4000 on Flags to determine if its old style resources
            // if its not 0, its old style!

            // Uses 0x2000 on Flags to determine if its a RSC,
            // if its 1, its a RSC!
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            Offset = br.BaseStream.Position;

            Name = new PtrString(br).Value;
            
            Unknown1 = br.ReadInt16();
            Unknown2 = br.ReadInt16();

            NextSiblingOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            FirstChildOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            ParentOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);

            BoneIndex = br.ReadInt16();
            BoneID = br.ReadInt16();
            BoneIndex2 = br.ReadInt16();
            Unknown3 = br.ReadInt16();

            //Debug.replacedert(BoneIndex == BoneIndex2);

            Unknown4 = br.ReadInt32();

            Position = new Vector4(br);
            RotationEuler = new Vector4(br);
            RotationQuaternion = new Vector4(br);

            UnknownZeroVector1 = new Vector4(br);

            AbsolutePosition = new Vector4(br);
            AbsoluteRotationEuler = new Vector4(br);

            UnknownZeroVector2 = new Vector4(br);
            UnknownZeroVector3 = new Vector4(br);
            UnknownZeroVector4 = new Vector4(br);

            MinPI = new Vector4(br); // Minimum euler rotation maybe?
            MaxPI = new Vector4(br); // Maximum euler rotation maybe?

            UnknownAllZeros = new Vector4(br);

        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            Variables = new Variables(br);
            Size = br.ReadInt16();
            CompressedSize = br.ReadInt16();

            if (Size != CompressedSize)
            {
                throw new Exception("Encountered a shader file with a compressed VertexShader");
            }

            ShaderData = br.ReadBytes(Size);
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            // Full Structure of rage::pgDictionary

            // rage::datBase
            VTable = br.ReadUInt32();

            // rage::pgBase
            BlockMapOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            ParentDictionary = br.ReadUInt32();
            UsageCount = br.ReadUInt32();

            // CSimpleCollection<DWORD>
            HashTableOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            TextureCount = br.ReadInt16();
            br.ReadInt16();

            // CPtrCollection<T>
            TextureListOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            br.ReadInt16();
            br.ReadInt16();
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            ID = br.ReadInt16();
            Index = br.ReadInt16();
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            uint bonesOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            uint unknownIntsOffset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            uint transforms1Offset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            uint transforms2Offset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);
            uint transforms3Offset = ResourceUtil.ReadOffset(br);

            BoneCount = br.ReadUInt16();
            Unknown0 = br.ReadInt16();
            Unknown1 = br.ReadInt32();
            Unknown2 = br.ReadInt32();

            BoneIDMappings = new SimpleCollection<BoneIDMapping>(br, r => new BoneIDMapping(r));

            Unknown3 = br.ReadInt32();
            UnknownHash = br.ReadUInt32();
            Unknown4 = br.ReadInt32();

            UnknownSubStruct = new SubStruct(br);

            // Data:

            br.BaseStream.Seek(bonesOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            Bones = new SimpleArray<Bone>(br, BoneCount, r => new Bone(r));

            br.BaseStream.Seek(unknownIntsOffset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            UnknownInts = new SimpleArray<int>(br, BoneCount, r => r.ReadInt32());

            br.BaseStream.Seek(transforms1Offset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            Transforms1 = new SimpleArray<Matrix44>(br, BoneCount, r => new Matrix44(r));

            br.BaseStream.Seek(transforms2Offset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            Transforms2 = new SimpleArray<Matrix44>(br, BoneCount, r => new Matrix44(r));

            br.BaseStream.Seek(transforms3Offset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
            Transforms3 = new SimpleArray<Matrix44>(br, BoneCount, r => new Matrix44(r));

            // Fun stuff...
            // Build a mapping of Offset -> Bone
            var boneOffsetMapping = new Dictionary<uint, Bone>();
            boneOffsetMapping.Add(0, null);
            foreach (var bone in Bones)
            {
                boneOffsetMapping.Add((uint)bone.Offset, bone);
            }

            // Now resolve all the bone offsets to the real bones
            foreach (var bone in Bones)
            {
                bone.Parent = boneOffsetMapping[bone.ParentOffset];
                bone.FirstChild = boneOffsetMapping[bone.FirstChildOffset];
                bone.NextSibling = boneOffsetMapping[bone.NextSiblingOffset];
            }
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            Variables = new Variables(br);
            Size = br.ReadInt16();
            CompressedSize = br.ReadInt16();

            if (Size != CompressedSize)
            {
                throw new Exception("Encountered a shader file with a compressed PixelShader");
            }

            ShaderData = br.ReadBytes(Size);
        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            offset = br.ReadInt64();
            hash = br.ReadUInt32();
            numSamplesInBytes = br.ReadInt32();
            numSamplesInBytes_computed = SoundBankMono.GetPaddedSize(numSamplesInBytes);
            numSamples16Bit = br.ReadInt32();
            unk5 = br.ReadInt32();
            samplerate = br.ReadUInt16();
            unk6 = br.ReadUInt16();
                
            if (Header.size > 32)
            {
                unk7 = br.ReadInt32();
                offsetToStates = br.ReadInt64();
                numSamples16Bit2 = br.ReadUInt32();
                unk11 = br.ReadUInt32();
                unk12 = br.ReadUInt32();
                numStates = br.ReadInt32();
                if (numStates > 0)
                {
                    is_compressed = true;
                    states = new DviAdpcmDecoder.AdpcmState[numStates];
                    for (int j = 0; j < numStates; j++)
                    {
                        DviAdpcmDecoder.AdpcmState state = new DviAdpcmDecoder.AdpcmState();
                        state.valprev = br.ReadInt16();
                        state.index = br.ReadByte();
                        states[j] = state;
                    }
                }
            }

        }

public void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            Unknown1 = br.ReadByte();
            Unknown2 = br.ReadByte();
            Unknown3 = br.ReadInt16();
            
            byte nameLength = br.ReadByte();
            byte[] nameBytes = br.ReadBytes(nameLength);
            VariableName = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(nameBytes, 0, nameLength - 1);
        }

public override void Read(BinaryReader reader) {
			Value = reader.ReadInt16();
		}

public override unsafe void Read(BinaryReader reader) {
			if (reader.BaseStream.Position == reader.BaseStream.Length) {
				Value = null;
				return;
			}

			var sb = new StringBuilder();
			if (Dat.UTF32) {
				int ch;
				while ((ch = reader.ReadInt32()) != 0)
					sb.Append(char.ConvertFromUtf32(ch));
			} else {
				short ch;
				while ((ch = reader.ReadInt16()) != 0)
				sb.Append((char)ch);
				if (Dat.Name != "Languages" && reader.ReadInt16() != 0) // string should end with 4 bytes of zero
					throw new("Not found \\0 at the end of the string");
			}
			Value = sb.ToString();
		}

public static IEnumerable<RawInputEvent> FromBinary(byte[] bs)
		{
			using (System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream(bs))
			using (System.IO.BinaryReader br = new System.IO.BinaryReader(ms))
			{
				RawInputEvent e = new RawInputEvent();
				while(br.PeekChar() != -1)
				{
					e._time = DateTime.FromBinary(br.ReadInt64());
					e._evt = (RawEventType)br.ReadInt16();
					e._reserved = br.ReadInt16();
					e._data = br.ReadUInt32();
					yield return e;
				}				
			}
		}

public static IEnumerable<IRawEvent> FromBinary(byte[] bs)
		{
			using (System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream(bs))
			using (System.IO.BinaryReader br = new System.IO.BinaryReader(ms))
			{
				RawInputEvent e = new RawInputEvent();
				while(br.PeekChar() != -1)
				{
					e._time = DateTime.FromBinary(br.ReadInt64());
					e._evt = (RawEventType)br.ReadInt16();
					e._reserved = br.ReadInt16();
					e._data = br.ReadUInt32();
					yield return e;
				}				
			}
		}

private static RSACryptoServiceProvider BuildRSAServiceProvider(byte[] privateKey)
        {
            byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ;
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;
            int elems = 0;

            //set up stream to decode the asn.1 encoded RSA private key
            //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
            using (BinaryReader binaryReader = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(privateKey)))
            {
                twobytes = binaryReader.ReadUInt16();
                //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
                if (twobytes == 0x8130)
                {
                    //advance 1 byte
                    binaryReader.ReadByte();
                }
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                {
                    //advance 2 bytes
                    binaryReader.ReadInt16();
                }
                else
                {
                    return null;
                }

                twobytes = binaryReader.ReadUInt16();
                //version number
                if (twobytes != 0x0102)
                {
                    return null;
                }
                bt = binaryReader.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x00)
                {
                    return null;
                }

                //all private key components are Integer sequences
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                MODULUS = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                E = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                D = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                P = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                Q = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                DP = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                DQ = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binaryReader);
                IQ = binaryReader.ReadBytes(elems);

                //create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key
                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaService = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                RSAParameters rsaParams = new RSAParameters
                {
                    Modulus = MODULUS,
                    Exponent = E,
                    D = D,
                    P = P,
                    Q = Q,
                    DP = DP,
                    DQ = DQ,
                    InverseQ = IQ
                };
                rsaService.ImportParameters(rsaParams);
                return rsaService;
            }
        }

private void ReadWaveFormat(BinaryReader br, int formatChunkLength)
        {
            if (formatChunkLength < 16)
                throw new InvalidDataException("Invalid WaveFormat Structure");
            waveFormatTag = (WaveFormatEncoding)br.ReadUInt16();
            channels = br.ReadInt16();
            sampleRate = br.ReadInt32();
            averageBytesPerSecond = br.ReadInt32();
            blockAlign = br.ReadInt16();
            bitsPerSample = br.ReadInt16();
            if (formatChunkLength > 16)
            {
                extraSize = br.ReadInt16();
                if (extraSize != formatChunkLength - 18)
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine("Format chunk mismatch");
                    extraSize = (short)(formatChunkLength - 18);
                }
            }
        }

private RSA CreateRsaProviderFromPrivateKey(string privateKey)
		{
			var privateKeyBits = Convert.FromBase64String(privateKey);

			var rsa = RSA.Create();
			var rsaParameters = new RSAParameters();

			using (BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(new MemoryStream(privateKeyBits)))
			{
				byte bt = 0;
				ushort twobytes = 0;
				twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
				if (twobytes == 0x8130)
					binr.ReadByte();
				else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
					binr.ReadInt16();
				else
					throw new Exception("Unexpected value read binr.ReadUInt16()");

				twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
				if (twobytes != 0x0102)
					throw new Exception("Unexpected version");

				bt = binr.ReadByte();
				if (bt != 0x00)
					throw new Exception("Unexpected value read binr.ReadByte()");

				rsaParameters.Modulus = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.Exponent = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.D = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.P = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.Q = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.DP = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.DQ = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
				rsaParameters.InverseQ = binr.ReadBytes(GetIntegerSize(binr));
			}

			rsa.ImportParameters(rsaParameters);
			return rsa;
		}

public RSA CreateRsaProviderFromPublicKey(string publicKeyString)
		{
			// encoded OID sequence for  PKCS #1 rsaEncryption szOID_RSA_RSA = "1.2.840.113549.1.1.1"
			byte[] seqOid = { 0x30, 0x0D, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2A, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xF7, 0x0D, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00 };
			byte[] seq = new byte[15];

			var x509Key = Convert.FromBase64String(publicKeyString);

			// ---------  Set up stream to read the asn.1 encoded SubjectPublicKeyInfo blob  ------
			using (MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(x509Key))
			{
				using (BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem))  //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
				{
					byte bt = 0;
					ushort twobytes = 0;

					twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
					if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
						binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
					else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
						binr.ReadInt16();   //advance 2 bytes
					else
						return null;

					seq = binr.ReadBytes(15);       //read the Sequence OID
					if (!CompareBytearrays(seq, seqOid))    //make sure Sequence for OID is correct
						return null;

					twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
					if (twobytes == 0x8103) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Bit String is 03 81)
						binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
					else if (twobytes == 0x8203)
						binr.ReadInt16();   //advance 2 bytes
					else
						return null;

					bt = binr.ReadByte();
					if (bt != 0x00)     //expect null byte next
						return null;

					twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
					if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
						binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
					else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
						binr.ReadInt16();   //advance 2 bytes
					else
						return null;

					twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
					byte lowbyte = 0x00;
					byte highbyte = 0x00;

					if (twobytes == 0x8102) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Integer is 02 81)
						lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();  // read next bytes which is bytes in modulus
					else if (twobytes == 0x8202)
					{
						highbyte = binr.ReadByte(); //advance 2 bytes
						lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
					}
					else
						return null;
					byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };   //reverse byte order since asn.1 key uses big endian order
					int modsize = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);

					int firstbyte = binr.PeekChar();
					if (firstbyte == 0x00)
					{   //if first byte (highest order) of modulus is zero, don't include it
						binr.ReadByte();    //skip this null byte
						modsize -= 1;   //reduce modulus buffer size by 1
					}

					byte[] modulus = binr.ReadBytes(modsize);   //read the modulus bytes

					if (binr.ReadByte() != 0x02)            //expect an Integer for the exponent data
						return null;
					int expbytes = (int)binr.ReadByte();        // should only need one byte for actual exponent data (for all useful values)
					byte[] exponent = binr.ReadBytes(expbytes);

					// ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----
					var rsa = RSA.Create();
					RSAParameters rsaKeyInfo = new RSAParameters
					{
						Modulus = modulus,
						Exponent = exponent
					};
					rsa.ImportParameters(rsaKeyInfo);

					return rsa;
				}

			}
		}

public static void LoadTextureSet(string sourcename, Stream texturedata, ref List<ImageData> images, PatchNames pnames)
		{
			BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(texturedata);
			int flags, width, height, patches, px, py, pi;
			uint numtextures;
			byte scalebytex, scalebytey;
			float scalex, scaley, defaultscale;
			byte[] namebytes;
			TextureImage image = null;
			bool strifedata;

			if(texturedata.Length == 0)
				return;

			// Determine default scale
			defaultscale = General.Map.Config.DefaultTextureScale;
			
			// Get number of textures
			texturedata.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
			numtextures = reader.ReadUInt32();
			
			// Skip offset bytes (we will read all textures sequentially)
			texturedata.Seek(4 * numtextures, SeekOrigin.Current);

			// Go for all textures defined in this lump
			for(uint i = 0; i < numtextures; i++)
			{
				// Read texture properties
				namebytes = reader.ReadBytes(8);
				flags = reader.ReadUInt16();
				scalebytex = reader.ReadByte();
				scalebytey = reader.ReadByte();
				width = reader.ReadInt16();
				height = reader.ReadInt16();
				patches = reader.ReadInt16();
				
				// Check for doom or strife data format
				if(patches == 0)
				{
					// Ignore 2 bytes and then read number of patches
					texturedata.Seek(2, SeekOrigin.Current);
					patches = reader.ReadInt16();
					strifedata = false;
				}
				else
				{
					// Texture data is in strife format
					strifedata = true;
				}

				// Determine actual scales
				if(scalebytex == 0) scalex = defaultscale; else scalex = 1f / ((float)scalebytex / 8f);
				if(scalebytey == 0) scaley = defaultscale; else scaley = 1f / ((float)scalebytey / 8f);
				
				// Validate data
				if((width > 0) && (height > 0) && (patches > 0) &&
				   (scalex != 0) || (scaley != 0))
				{
					string texname = Lump.MakeNormalName(namebytes, WAD.ENCODING);
					if(texname.Length > 0)
					{
						// Make the image object
						image = new TextureImage(Lump.MakeNormalName(namebytes, WAD.ENCODING),
												 width, height, scalex, scaley);
					}
					else
					{
						// Can't load image without name
						General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Error, "Can't load an unnamed texture from \"" + sourcename + "\". Please consider giving names to your resources.");
					}
					
					// Go for all patches in texture
					for(int p = 0; p < patches; p++)
					{
						// Read patch properties
						px = reader.ReadInt16();
						py = reader.ReadInt16();
						pi = reader.ReadUInt16();
						if(!strifedata) texturedata.Seek(4, SeekOrigin.Current);
						
						// Validate data
						if((pi >= 0) && (pi < pnames.Length))
						{
							if(pnames[pi].Length > 0)
							{
								// Create patch on image
								if(image != null) image.AddPatch(new TexturePatch(pnames[pi], px, py));
							}
							else
							{
								// Can't load image without name
								General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Error, "Can't use an unnamed patch referenced in \"" + sourcename + "\". Please consider giving names to your resources.");
							}
						}
					}
					
					// Add image to collection
					images.Add(image);
				}
				else
				{
					// Skip patches data
					texturedata.Seek(6 * patches, SeekOrigin.Current);
					if(!strifedata) texturedata.Seek(4 * patches, SeekOrigin.Current);
				}
			}
		}

public void rShort(out short v) { v = reader.ReadInt16(); }

private void ReadThings(MapSet map, int firstindex)
		{
			MemoryStream mem;
			BinaryReader reader;
			int num, i, x, y, type, flags, angle;
			Dictionary<string, bool> stringflags;
			Thing t;
			
			// Get the lump from wad file
			Lump lump = wad.FindLump("THINGS", firstindex);
			if(lump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump THINGS!");
			
			// Prepare to read the items
			mem = new MemoryStream(lump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			num = (int)lump.Stream.Length / 10;
			reader = new BinaryReader(mem);
			
			// Read items from the lump
			map.SetCapacity(0, 0, 0, 0, map.Things.Count + num);
			for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				// Read properties from stream
				x = reader.ReadInt16();
				y = reader.ReadInt16();
				angle = reader.ReadInt16();
				type = reader.ReadUInt16();
				flags = reader.ReadUInt16();
				
				// Make string flags
				stringflags = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
				foreach(KeyValuePair<string, string> f in manager.Config.ThingFlags)
				{
					int fnum;
					if(int.TryParse(f.Key, out fnum)) stringflags[f.Key] = ((flags & fnum) == fnum);
				}
				
				// Create new item
				t = map.CreateThing();
				t.Update(type, x, y, 0, angle, stringflags, 0, 0, new int[Thing.NUM_ARGS]);
			}

			// Done
			mem.Dispose();
		}

public bool Validate(Stream stream)
		{
			BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(stream);
			int width, height;
			int dataoffset;
			int datalength;
			int columnaddr;
			
			// Initialize
			dataoffset = (int)stream.Position;
			datalength = (int)stream.Length - (int)stream.Position;

			// Need at least 4 bytes
			if(datalength < 4) return false;

			// Read size and offset
			width = reader.ReadInt16();
			height = reader.ReadInt16();
			reader.ReadInt16();
			reader.ReadInt16();

			// Valid width and height?
			if((width <= 0) || (height <= 0)) return false;
			
			// Go for all columns
			for(int x = 0; x < width; x++)
			{
				// Get column address
				columnaddr = reader.ReadInt32();
				
				// Check if address is outside valid range
				if((columnaddr < (8 + width * 4)) || (columnaddr >= datalength)) return false;
			}

			// Return success
			return true;
		}

private PixelColorBlock ReadAsPixelData(Stream stream, out int width, out int height, out int offsetx, out int offsety)
		{
			BinaryReader reader = new BinaryReader(stream);
			PixelColorBlock pixeldata = null;
			int y, read_y, count, p;
			int[] columns;
			int dataoffset;
			
			// Initialize
			width = 0;
			height = 0;
			offsetx = 0;
			offsety = 0;
			dataoffset = (int)stream.Position;

			// Need at least 4 bytes
			if((stream.Length - stream.Position) < 4) return null;
			
			#if !DEBUG
			try
			{
			#endif
			
			// Read size and offset
			width = reader.ReadInt16();
			height = reader.ReadInt16();
			offsetx = reader.ReadInt16();
			offsety = reader.ReadInt16();
			
			// Valid width and height?
			if((width <= 0) || (height <= 0)) return null;
			
			// Read the column addresses
			columns = new int[width];
			for(int x = 0; x < width; x++) columns[x] = reader.ReadInt32();
			
			// Allocate memory
			pixeldata = new PixelColorBlock(width, height);
			pixeldata.Clear();
            int numpixels = width * height;
			
			// Go for all columns
			for(int x = 0; x < width; x++)
			{
				// Seek to column start
				stream.Seek(dataoffset + columns[x], SeekOrigin.Begin);
				
				// Read first post start
				y = reader.ReadByte();
				read_y = y;
				
				// Continue while not end of column reached
				while(read_y < 255)
				{
					// Read number of pixels in post
					count = reader.ReadByte();

					// Skip unused pixel
					stream.Seek(1, SeekOrigin.Current);

                    if ((y + count - 1) * width + x >= numpixels)
                    {
                        // ano - cut early in case of problems
                        return null;
                    }

					// Draw post
					for(int yo = 0; yo < count; yo++)
					{
						// Read pixel color index
						p = reader.ReadByte();

						// Draw pixel
						pixeldata.Pointer[(y + yo) * width + x] = palette[p];
					}
					
					// Skip unused pixel
					stream.Seek(1, SeekOrigin.Current);

					// Read next post start
					read_y = reader.ReadByte();
					if(read_y < y) y += read_y; else y = read_y;
				}
			}

			// Return pointer
			return pixeldata;
			
			#if !DEBUG
			}
			catch(Exception)
			{
				// Return nothing
				return null;
			}
			#endif
		}

private void ReadThings(MapSet map, int firstindex)
		{
			MemoryStream mem;
			BinaryReader reader;
			int num, i, tag, z, action, x, y, type, flags, angle;
			int[] args = new int[Thing.NUM_ARGS];
			Dictionary<string, bool> stringflags;
			Thing t;
			
			// Get the lump from wad file
			Lump lump = wad.FindLump("THINGS", firstindex);
			if(lump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump THINGS!");
			
			// Prepare to read the items
			mem = new MemoryStream(lump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			num = (int)lump.Stream.Length / 20;
			reader = new BinaryReader(mem);
			
			// Read items from the lump
			map.SetCapacity(0, 0, 0, 0, map.Things.Count + num);
			for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				// Read properties from stream
				tag = reader.ReadUInt16();
				x = reader.ReadInt16();
				y = reader.ReadInt16();
				z = reader.ReadInt16();
				angle = reader.ReadInt16();
				type = reader.ReadUInt16();
				flags = reader.ReadUInt16();
				action = reader.ReadByte();
				args[0] = reader.ReadByte();
				args[1] = reader.ReadByte();
				args[2] = reader.ReadByte();
				args[3] = reader.ReadByte();
				args[4] = reader.ReadByte();

				// Make string flags
				stringflags = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
				foreach(KeyValuePair<string, string> f in manager.Config.ThingFlags)
				{
					int fnum;
					if(int.TryParse(f.Key, out fnum)) stringflags[f.Key] = ((flags & fnum) == fnum);
				}
				
				// Create new item
				t = map.CreateThing();
				t.Update(type, x, y, z, angle, stringflags, tag, action, args);
			}

			// Done
			mem.Dispose();
		}

private Dictionary<int, Vertex> ReadVertices(MapSet map, int firstindex)
		{
			MemoryStream mem;
			Dictionary<int, Vertex> link;
			BinaryReader reader;
			int num, i, x, y;
			Vertex v;
			
			// Get the lump from wad file
			Lump lump = wad.FindLump("VERTEXES", firstindex);
			if(lump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump VERTEXES!");

			// Prepare to read the items
			mem = new MemoryStream(lump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			num = (int)lump.Stream.Length / 4;
			reader = new BinaryReader(mem);

			// Create lookup table
			link = new Dictionary<int, Vertex>(num);

			// Read items from the lump
			map.SetCapacity(map.Vertices.Count + num, 0, 0, 0, 0);
			for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				// Read properties from stream
				x = reader.ReadInt16();
				y = reader.ReadInt16();

				// Create new item
				v = map.CreateVertex(new Vector2D((float)x, (float)y));
				
				// Add it to the lookup table
				link.Add(i, v);
			}

			// Done
			mem.Dispose();

			// Return lookup table
			return link;
		}

private Dictionary<int, Sector> ReadSectors(MapSet map, int firstindex)
		{
			MemoryStream mem;
			Dictionary<int, Sector> link;
			BinaryReader reader;
			int num, i, hfloor, hceil, bright, special, tag;
			string tfloor, tceil;
			Sector s;

			// Get the lump from wad file
			Lump lump = wad.FindLump("SECTORS", firstindex);
			if(lump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump SECTORS!");

			// Prepare to read the items
			mem = new MemoryStream(lump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			num = (int)lump.Stream.Length / 26;
			reader = new BinaryReader(mem);

			// Create lookup table
			link = new Dictionary<int, Sector>(num);

			// Read items from the lump
			map.SetCapacity(0, 0, 0, map.Sectors.Count + num, 0);
			for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				// Read properties from stream
				hfloor = reader.ReadInt16();
				hceil = reader.ReadInt16();
				tfloor = Lump.MakeNormalName(reader.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
				tceil = Lump.MakeNormalName(reader.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
				bright = reader.ReadInt16();
				special = reader.ReadUInt16();
				tag = reader.ReadUInt16();
				
				// Create new item
				s = map.CreateSector();
				s.Update(hfloor, hceil, tfloor, tceil, special, tag, bright);

				// Add it to the lookup table
				link.Add(i, s);
			}

			// Done
			mem.Dispose();

			// Return lookup table
			return link;
		}

public void rwShort(ref short v) { v = reader.ReadInt16(); }

private void ReadLinedefs(MapSet map, int firstindex,
			Dictionary<int, Vertex> vertexlink, Dictionary<int, Sector> sectorlink)
		{
			MemoryStream linedefsmem, sidedefsmem;
			BinaryReader readline, readside;
			Lump linedefslump, sidedefslump;
			int num, numsides, i, offsetx, offsety, v1, v2;
			int s1, s2, flags, action, tag, sc;
			Dictionary<string, bool> stringflags;
			string thigh, tmid, tlow;
			Linedef l;
			Sidedef s;

			// Get the linedefs lump from wad file
			linedefslump = wad.FindLump("LINEDEFS", firstindex);
			if(linedefslump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump LINEDEFS!");

			// Get the sidedefs lump from wad file
			sidedefslump = wad.FindLump("SIDEDEFS", firstindex);
			if(sidedefslump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump SIDEDEFS!");

			// Prepare to read the items
			linedefsmem = new MemoryStream(linedefslump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			sidedefsmem = new MemoryStream(sidedefslump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			num = (int)linedefslump.Stream.Length / 14;
			numsides = (int)sidedefslump.Stream.Length / 30;
			readline = new BinaryReader(linedefsmem);
			readside = new BinaryReader(sidedefsmem);

            // Read items from the lump
            
            // ano - heuristic to detect sidedef compression
            if (num > numsides)
            {
                // ano - set sidedefs to some larger amount than
                // numsides before resizing back down
                // because in the case of sidedef compression the
                // array will have to be resized a lot
                map.SetCapacity(0, map.Linedefs.Count + num, map.Sidedefs.Count + (num * 2), 0, 0);
            }
            else
            {
                // ano - + 32 as extra leniency for some amount of sidedef 
                // compression that goes undetected by the prev check
                // note this wont be resized back down but 32 is a neglible amount
                map.SetCapacity(0, map.Linedefs.Count + num, map.Sidedefs.Count + num + 32, 0, 0);
            }
			for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				// Read properties from stream
				v1 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				v2 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				flags = readline.ReadUInt16();
				action = readline.ReadUInt16();
				tag = readline.ReadUInt16();
				s1 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				s2 = readline.ReadUInt16();

				// Make string flags
				stringflags = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
				foreach(string f in manager.Config.SortedLinedefFlags)
				{
					int fnum;
					if(int.TryParse(f, out fnum)) stringflags[f] = ((flags & fnum) == fnum);
				}

				// Create new linedef
				if(vertexlink.ContainsKey(v1) && vertexlink.ContainsKey(v2))
				{
					// Check if not zero-length
					if(Vector2D.ManhattanDistance(vertexlink[v1].Position, vertexlink[v2].Position) > 0.0001f)
					{
						l = map.CreateLinedef(vertexlink[v1], vertexlink[v2]);
						l.Update(stringflags, 0, tag, action, new int[Linedef.NUM_ARGS]);
						l.UpdateCache();

						// Line has a front side?
						if(s1 != ushort.MaxValue)
						{
							// Read front sidedef
							if((s1 * 30L) <= (sidedefsmem.Length - 30L))
							{
								sidedefsmem.Seek(s1 * 30, SeekOrigin.Begin);
								offsetx = readside.ReadInt16();
								offsety = readside.ReadInt16();
								thigh = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tlow = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tmid = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								sc = readside.ReadUInt16();

								// Create front sidedef
								if(sectorlink.ContainsKey(sc))
								{
									s = map.CreateSidedef(l, true, sectorlink[sc]);
									s.Update(offsetx, offsety, thigh, tmid, tlow);
								}
								else
								{
									General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Sidedef " + s1 + " references invalid sector " + sc + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
								}
							}
							else
							{
								General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef references invalid sidedef " + s1 + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
							}
						}

						// Line has a back side?
						if(s2 != ushort.MaxValue)
						{
							// Read back sidedef
							if((s2 * 30L) <= (sidedefsmem.Length - 30L))
							{
								sidedefsmem.Seek(s2 * 30, SeekOrigin.Begin);
								offsetx = readside.ReadInt16();
								offsety = readside.ReadInt16();
								thigh = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tlow = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tmid = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								sc = readside.ReadUInt16();

								// Create back sidedef
								if(sectorlink.ContainsKey(sc))
								{
									s = map.CreateSidedef(l, false, sectorlink[sc]);
									s.Update(offsetx, offsety, thigh, tmid, tlow);
								}
								else
								{
									General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Sidedef " + s2 + " references invalid sector " + sc + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
								}
							}
							else
							{
								General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " references invalid sidedef " + s2 + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
							}
						}
					}
					else
					{
						General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " is zero-length. Linedef has been removed.");
					}
				}
				else
				{
					General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " references one or more invalid vertices. Linedef has been removed.");
				}
			}
            if (num > numsides)
            {
                // ano - resize the arrays back down
                map.SetCapacity(0, map.Linedefs.Count, map.Sidedefs.Count, 0, 0);
            }

            // Done
            linedefsmem.Dispose();
			sidedefsmem.Dispose();
		}

private void ReadLinedefs(MapSet map, int firstindex,
			Dictionary<int, Vertex> vertexlink, Dictionary<int, Sector> sectorlink)
		{
			MemoryStream linedefsmem, sidedefsmem;
			BinaryReader readline, readside;
			Lump linedefslump, sidedefslump;
			int num, numsides, i, offsetx, offsety, v1, v2;
			int s1, s2, flags, action, sc;
			int[] args = new int[Linedef.NUM_ARGS];
			Dictionary<string, bool> stringflags;
			string thigh, tmid, tlow;
			Linedef l;
			Sidedef s;

			// Get the linedefs lump from wad file
			linedefslump = wad.FindLump("LINEDEFS", firstindex);
			if(linedefslump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump LINEDEFS!");

			// Get the sidedefs lump from wad file
			sidedefslump = wad.FindLump("SIDEDEFS", firstindex);
			if(sidedefslump == null) throw new Exception("Could not find required lump SIDEDEFS!");

			// Prepare to read the items
			linedefsmem = new MemoryStream(linedefslump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			sidedefsmem = new MemoryStream(sidedefslump.Stream.ReadAllBytes());
			num = (int)linedefslump.Stream.Length / 16;
			numsides = (int)sidedefslump.Stream.Length / 30;
			readline = new BinaryReader(linedefsmem);
			readside = new BinaryReader(sidedefsmem);

			// Read items from the lump
			map.SetCapacity(0, map.Linedefs.Count + num, map.Sidedefs.Count + numsides, 0, 0);
			for(i = 0; i < num; i++)
			{
				// Read properties from stream
				v1 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				v2 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				flags = readline.ReadUInt16();
				action = readline.ReadByte();
				args[0] = readline.ReadByte();
				args[1] = readline.ReadByte();
				args[2] = readline.ReadByte();
				args[3] = readline.ReadByte();
				args[4] = readline.ReadByte();
				s1 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				s2 = readline.ReadUInt16();
				
				// Make string flags
				stringflags = new Dictionary<string, bool>();
				foreach(string f in manager.Config.SortedLinedefFlags)
				{
					int fnum;
					if(int.TryParse(f, out fnum)) stringflags[f] = ((flags & fnum) == fnum);
				}
				
				// Create new linedef
				if(vertexlink.ContainsKey(v1) && vertexlink.ContainsKey(v2))
				{
					// Check if not zero-length
					if(Vector2D.ManhattanDistance(vertexlink[v1].Position, vertexlink[v2].Position) > 0.0001f)
					{
						l = map.CreateLinedef(vertexlink[v1], vertexlink[v2]);
						l.Update(stringflags, (flags & manager.Config.LinedefActivationsFilter), 0, action, args);
						l.UpdateCache();

						// Line has a front side?
						if(s1 != ushort.MaxValue)
						{
							// Read front sidedef
							sidedefsmem.Seek(s1 * 30, SeekOrigin.Begin);
							if((s1 * 30L) <= (sidedefsmem.Length - 30L))
							{
								offsetx = readside.ReadInt16();
								offsety = readside.ReadInt16();
								thigh = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tlow = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tmid = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								sc = readside.ReadUInt16();

								// Create front sidedef
								if(sectorlink.ContainsKey(sc))
								{
									s = map.CreateSidedef(l, true, sectorlink[sc]);
									s.Update(offsetx, offsety, thigh, tmid, tlow);
								}
								else
								{
									General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Sidedef " + s1 + " references invalid sector " + sc + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
								}
							}
							else
							{
								General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " references invalid sidedef " + s1 + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
							}
						}

						// Line has a back side?
						if(s2 != ushort.MaxValue)
						{
							// Read back sidedef
							sidedefsmem.Seek(s2 * 30, SeekOrigin.Begin);
							if((s2 * 30L) <= (sidedefsmem.Length - 30L))
							{
								offsetx = readside.ReadInt16();
								offsety = readside.ReadInt16();
								thigh = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tlow = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								tmid = Lump.MakeNormalName(readside.ReadBytes(8), WAD.ENCODING);
								sc = readside.ReadUInt16();

								// Create back sidedef
								if(sectorlink.ContainsKey(sc))
								{
									s = map.CreateSidedef(l, false, sectorlink[sc]);
									s.Update(offsetx, offsety, thigh, tmid, tlow);
								}
								else
								{
									General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Sidedef " + s2 + " references invalid sector " + sc + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
								}
							}
							else
							{
								General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " references invalid sidedef " + s2 + ". Sidedef has been removed.");
							}
						}
					}
					else
					{
						General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " is zero-length. Linedef has been removed.");
					}
				}
				else
				{
					General.ErrorLogger.Add(ErrorType.Warning, "Linedef " + i + " references one or more invalid vertices. Linedef has been removed.");
				}
			}

			// Done
			linedefsmem.Dispose();
			sidedefsmem.Dispose();
		}

private void LoadStructures()
		{
			// Load the nodes structure
			MemoryStream nodesstream = General.Map.GetLumpData("NODES");
			BinaryReader nodesreader = new BinaryReader(nodesstream);
			int numnodes = (int)nodesstream.Length / 28;
			nodes = new Node[numnodes];
			for(int i = 0; i < nodes.Length; i++)
			{
				nodes[i].linestart.x = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				nodes[i].linestart.y = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				nodes[i].linedelta.x = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				nodes[i].linedelta.y = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				float top = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				float bot = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				float left = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				float right = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				nodes[i].rightbox = new RectangleF(left, top, (right - left), (bot - top));
				top = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				bot = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				left = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				right = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				nodes[i].leftbox = new RectangleF(left, top, (right - left), (bot - top));
				int rightindex = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				int leftindex = nodesreader.ReadInt16();
				nodes[i].rightchild = rightindex & 0x7FFF;
				nodes[i].leftchild = leftindex & 0x7FFF;
				nodes[i].rightsubsector = (rightindex & 0x8000) != 0;
				nodes[i].leftsubsector = (leftindex & 0x8000) != 0;
			}
			nodesreader.Close();
			nodesstream.Close();
			nodesstream.Dispose();

			// Add additional properties to nodes
			nodes[nodes.Length - 1].parent = -1;
			RecursiveSetupNodes(nodes.Length - 1);

			// Load the segs structure
			MemoryStream segsstream = General.Map.GetLumpData("SEGS");
			BinaryReader segsreader = new BinaryReader(segsstream);
			int numsegs = (int)segsstream.Length / 12;
			segs = new Seg[numsegs];
			for(int i = 0; i < segs.Length; i++)
			{
				segs[i].startvertex = segsreader.ReadInt16();
				segs[i].endvertex = segsreader.ReadInt16();
				segs[i].angle = Angle2D.DoomToReal(segsreader.ReadInt16());
				segs[i].lineindex = segsreader.ReadInt16();
				segs[i].leftside = segsreader.ReadInt16() != 0;
				segs[i].offset = segsreader.ReadInt16();
			}
			segsreader.Close();
			segsstream.Close();
			segsstream.Dispose();

			// Load the vertexes structure
			MemoryStream vertsstream = General.Map.GetLumpData("VERTEXES");
			BinaryReader vertsreader = new BinaryReader(vertsstream);
			int numverts = (int)vertsstream.Length / 4;
			verts = new Vector2D[numverts];
			for(int i = 0; i < verts.Length; i++)
			{
				verts[i].x = vertsreader.ReadInt16();
				verts[i].y = vertsreader.ReadInt16();
			}
			vertsreader.Close();
			vertsstream.Close();
			vertsstream.Dispose();

			// Load the subsectors structure
			MemoryStream ssecstream = General.Map.GetLumpData("SSECTORS");
			BinaryReader ssecreader = new BinaryReader(ssecstream);
			int numssec = (int)ssecstream.Length / 4;
			ssectors = new Subsector[numssec];
			for(int i = 0; i < ssectors.Length; i++)
			{
				ssectors[i].numsegs = ssecreader.ReadInt16();
				ssectors[i].firstseg = ssecreader.ReadInt16();
			}
			ssecreader.Close();
			ssecstream.Close();
			ssecstream.Dispose();

			// Link all segs to their subsectors
			for(int i = 0; i < ssectors.Length; i++)
			{
				int lastseg = ssectors[i].firstseg + ssectors[i].numsegs - 1;
				for(int sg = ssectors[i].firstseg; sg <= lastseg; sg++)
				{
					segs[sg].ssector = i;
				}
			}
		}

private void ProcessMessage(
            NetworkStream stream)
        {
            if (stream == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            using (var reader = new BinaryReader(stream))
            {
                var speed = default(short);
                var tone = default(short);
                var volume = default(short);
                var type = default(short);
                var textEncoding = default(byte);
                var textSize = default(int);
                var textChars = default(byte[]);

                var command = reader.ReadInt16();
                switch (command)
                {
                    case 0:
                        speed = reader.ReadInt16();
                        tone = -1;
                        volume = reader.ReadInt16();
                        type = reader.ReadInt16();
                        textEncoding = reader.ReadByte();
                        textSize = reader.ReadInt32();
                        textChars = reader.ReadBytes(textSize);
                        break;

                    case 1:
                        speed = reader.ReadInt16();
                        tone = reader.ReadInt16();
                        volume = reader.ReadInt16();
                        type = reader.ReadInt16();
                        textEncoding = reader.ReadByte();
                        textSize = reader.ReadInt32();
                        textChars = reader.ReadBytes(textSize);
                        break;

                    case 48:
                        this.Logger.Info($"[{command}] skip talk queues, but no process on this server.");
                        return;

                    case 64:
                        while (this.SpeakQueue.TryDequeue(out SpeakTask t)) ;
                        this.Logger.Info($"[{command}] clear talk queues.");
                        return;

                    default:
                        this.Logger.Error($"Boyomi TCP server error. invalid command [{command}].");
                        return;
                }

                var text = textEncoding switch
                {
                    0 => Encoding.UTF8.GetString(textChars),
                    1 => Encoding.Unicode.GetString(textChars),
                    2 => Encoding.GetEncoding("Shift_JIS").GetString(textChars),
                    _ => string.Empty,
                };

                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(text))
                {
                    return;
                }

                if (speed == -1)
                {
                    speed = 50;
                }

                if (volume == -1)
                {
                    volume = 50;
                }

                // 99文字ずつで分割する
                var texts = text.Trim().Split(99);

                foreach (var t in texts)
                {
                    var tts = t.Trim();
                    tts = tts.Replace("　", " ");
                    tts = WhitespacesRegex.Replace(tts, " ");

                    this.SpeakQueue.Enqueue(new SpeakTask()
                    {
                        Speed = (uint)speed,
                        Volume = (uint)volume,
                        CastNo = type,
                        Text = tts,
                    });
                }
            }

public short ReadInt16()
        {
            InitializeReading();
            try
            {
                return dataIn.ReadInt16();
            }
            catch (EndOfStreamException e)
            {
                throw NMSExceptionSupport.CreateMessageEOFException(e);
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                throw NMSExceptionSupport.CreateMessageFormatException(e);
            }
        }

public override short ReadInt16()
        {
            return EndianSupport.SwitchEndian(base.ReadInt16());
        }

public static Object UnmarshalPrimitive(BinaryReader dataIn)
        {
            Object value = null;
            byte type = dataIn.ReadByte();
            switch (type)
            {
                case NULL:
                    value = null;
                    break;
                case BYTE_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadByte();
                    break;
                case BOOLEAN_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadBoolean();
                    break;
                case CHAR_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadChar();
                    break;
                case SHORT_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadInt16();
                    break;
                case INTEGER_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadInt32();
                    break;
                case LONG_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadInt64();
                    break;
                case FLOAT_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadSingle();
                    break;
                case DOUBLE_TYPE:
                    value = dataIn.ReadDouble();
                    break;
                case BYTE_ARRAY_TYPE:
                    int size = dataIn.ReadInt32();
                    byte[] data = new byte[size];
                    dataIn.Read(data, 0, size);
                    value = data;
                    break;
                case STRING_TYPE:
                    value = ((EndianBinaryReader) dataIn).ReadString16();
                    break;
                case BIG_STRING_TYPE:
                    value = ((EndianBinaryReader) dataIn).ReadString32();
                    break;
                case MAP_TYPE:
                    value = UnmarshalPrimitiveMap(dataIn);
                    break;
                case LIST_TYPE:
                    value = UnmarshalPrimitiveList(dataIn);
                    break;

                default:
                    throw new Exception("Unsupported data type: " + type);
            }

            return value;
        }

public short ReadInt16Reverse()
        {
            return this.ReadReverse<short>(BitConverter.GetBytes(this.ReadInt16()));
        }

internal void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            br.ReadBytes(8);    //Read header
            br.ReadBytes(16);   //Header CLSID (16 bytes): Reserved and unused clreplaced ID that MUST be set to all zeroes (CLSID_NULL). 
            minorVersion = br.ReadInt16();
            majorVersion = br.ReadInt16();
            br.ReadInt16(); //Byte order
            sectorShif = br.ReadInt16();
            minSectorShift = br.ReadInt16();

            _sectorSize = 1 << sectorShif;
            _miniSectorSize = 1 << minSectorShift;
            _sectorSizeInt = _sectorSize / 4;
            br.ReadBytes(6);    //Reserved
            numberOfDirectorySector = br.ReadInt32();
            _numberOfFATSectors = br.ReadInt32();
            _firstDirectorySectorLocation = br.ReadInt32();
            _transactionSignatureNumber = br.ReadInt32();
            _miniStreamCutoffSize = br.ReadInt32();
            _firstMiniFATSectorLocation = br.ReadInt32();
            _numberofMiniFATSectors = br.ReadInt32();
            _firstDIFATSectorLocation = br.ReadInt32();
            _numberofDIFATSectors = br.ReadInt32();
            var dwi = new DocWriteInfo() { DIFAT = new List<int>(), FAT = new List<int>(), miniFAT = new List<int>() };

            for (int i = 0; i < 109; i++)
            {
                var d = br.ReadInt32();
                if (d >= 0)
                {   
                    dwi.DIFAT.Add(d);
                }
            }

            LoadSectors(br);
            if (_firstDIFATSectorLocation > 0)
            {
                LoadDIFATSectors(dwi);
            }

            dwi.FAT = ReadFAT(_sectors, dwi);
            var dir = ReadDirectories(_sectors, dwi);

            LoadMinSectors(ref dwi, dir);
            foreach (var d in dir)
            {
                if (d.Stream == null && d.StreamSize > 0)
                {
                    if (d.StreamSize < _miniStreamCutoffSize)
                    {
                        d.Stream = GetStream(d.StartingSectorLocation, d.StreamSize, dwi.miniFAT, _miniSectors);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        d.Stream = GetStream(d.StartingSectorLocation, d.StreamSize, dwi.FAT, _sectors);
                    }
                }
            }
            AddChildTree(dir[0], dir);
        }

internal void Read(BinaryReader br)
        {
            var s = br.ReadBytes(0x40);
            var sz = br.ReadInt16();
            if (sz > 0)
            {
                Name = UTF8Encoding.Unicode.GetString(s, 0, sz - 2);
            }
            ObjectType = br.ReadByte();
            ColorFlag = br.ReadByte();
            LeftSibling = br.ReadInt32();
            RightSibling = br.ReadInt32();
            ChildID = br.ReadInt32();

            //Clsid;
            ClsID = new Guid(br.ReadBytes(16));

            StatBits = br.ReadInt32();
            CreationTime = br.ReadInt64();
            ModifiedTime = br.ReadInt64();

            StartingSectorLocation = br.ReadInt32();
            StreamSize = br.ReadInt64();
        }