System.IComparable.CompareTo(T)

private T removeAt(int index) {
#if VALIDATE
      validateHeapInternal("Remove At");
#endif

      T ret = _array[index];
      _count--;

      if (_count == 0) {
        return ret;
      }

      var bottom = _array[_count];
      bottom.heapIndex = index;

      int parentIndex = getParentIndex(index);
      if (isValidIndex(parentIndex) && _array[parentIndex].CompareTo(bottom) > 0) {
        bubbleUp(bottom);
      } else {
        bubbleDown(bottom);
      }

      return ret;
    }

private void bubbleUp(T element) {
      while (true) {
        if (element.heapIndex == 0) {
          break;
        }

        int parentIndex = getParentIndex(element.heapIndex);
        var parent = _array[parentIndex];

        if (parent.CompareTo(element) <= 0) {
          break;
        }

        parent.heapIndex = element.heapIndex;
        _array[element.heapIndex] = parent;

        element.heapIndex = parentIndex;
      }

      _array[element.heapIndex] = element;

#if VALIDATE
      validateHeapInternal("Bubble Up");
#endif
    }

private void bubbleDown(T element) {
      int elementIndex = element.heapIndex;

      while (true) {
        int leftIndex = getChildLeftIndex(elementIndex);
        int rightIndex = getChildRightIndex(elementIndex);

        T smallest = element;
        int smallestIndex = elementIndex;

        if (isValidIndex(leftIndex)) {
          var leftChild = _array[leftIndex];
          if (leftChild.CompareTo(smallest) < 0) {
            smallest = leftChild;
            smallestIndex = leftIndex;
          }
        } else {
          break;
        }

        if (isValidIndex(rightIndex)) {
          var rightChild = _array[rightIndex];
          if (rightChild.CompareTo(smallest) < 0) {
            smallest = rightChild;
            smallestIndex = rightIndex;
          }
        }

        if (smallestIndex == elementIndex) {
          break;
        }

        smallest.heapIndex = elementIndex;
        _array[elementIndex] = smallest;

        elementIndex = smallestIndex;
      }

      element.heapIndex = elementIndex;
      _array[elementIndex] = element;

#if VALIDATE
      validateHeapInternal("Bubble Down");
#endif
    }

private bool validateHeapInternal(string operation) {
      for (int i = 0; i < _count; i++) {
        if (_array[i].heapIndex != i) {
          Debug.LogError("Element " + i + " had an index of " + _array[i].heapIndex + " instead, after " + operation);
          return false;
        }

        if (i != 0) {
          var parent = _array[getParentIndex(i)];
          if (parent.CompareTo(_array[i]) > 0) {
            Debug.LogError("Element " + i + " had an incorrect order after " + operation);
            return false;
          }
        }
      }
      return true;
    }

public static void CheckRange<T>(T propertyValue, T minValue, T maxValue, String propertyName, Type containerType, String topLevelParamName)
            where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            if (propertyValue.CompareTo(minValue) < 0 || propertyValue.CompareTo(maxValue) > 0)
            {
                // paramName comes first for ArgumentOutOfRangeException.
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(topLevelParamName, CommonResources.ValueTypeOutOfRange(propertyValue, propertyName, containerType.Name, minValue, maxValue));
            }
        }

private static void CheckRange<T>(T propertyValue, T minValue, T maxValue, String propertyName, String topLevelParamName)
            where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            if (propertyValue.CompareTo(minValue) < 0 || propertyValue.CompareTo(maxValue) > 0)
            {
                // paramName comes first for ArgumentOutOfRangeException.
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(topLevelParamName, CommonResources.VssPropertyValueOutOfRange(propertyName, propertyValue, minValue, maxValue));
            }
        }

public static bool GreaterThan(T a, T b)
        {
            return a.CompareTo(b) > 0;
        }

public static bool GreaterThanOrEqual(T a, T b)
        {
            return a.CompareTo(b) >= 0;
        }

public static bool LessThan(T a, T b)
        {
            return a.CompareTo(b) < 0;
        }

public static bool LessThanOrEqual(T a, T b)
        {
            return a.CompareTo(b) <= 0;
        }

public static bool Equal(T a, T b)
        {
            return a.CompareTo(b) == 0;
        }

public static bool NotEqual(T a, T b)
        {
            return a.CompareTo(b) != 0;
        }

public static bool RangesOverlap<T>(T xFirst, T xLast, T yFirst, T yLast) where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            return !((xLast.CompareTo(yFirst) <= 0) || (xFirst.CompareTo(yLast) >= 0));
        }

public static void WhenLessThan<T>(T value, T mustBeMoreThan, string argumentName)
        where T : IComparable<T>
        => When(value.CompareTo(mustBeMoreThan) < 0, argumentName);

public static void WhenLessThan<T>(T value, T mustBeMoreThan, string argumentName, string message)
        where T : IComparable<T>
        => When(value.CompareTo(mustBeMoreThan) < 0, argumentName, message);

public static void WhenMoreThan<T>(T value, T mustBeMoreThan, string argumentName)
        where T : IComparable<T>
        => When(value.CompareTo(mustBeMoreThan) > 0, argumentName);

public static void WhenMoreThan<T>(T value, T mustBeMoreThan, string argumentName, string message)
        where T : IComparable<T>
        => When(value.CompareTo(mustBeMoreThan) > 0, argumentName, message);

public static bool AfterInclusiveStart<T>(this Range<T> range, T value)
            where T : IComparable<T>, IEquatable<T>
        {
            return value.CompareTo(range.Begin) >= 0;
        }

public static bool AfterExclusiveStart<T>(this Range<T> range, T value)
            where T : IComparable<T>, IEquatable<T>
        {
            return value.CompareTo(range.Begin) > 0;
        }

public static bool BeforeInclusiveEnd<T>(this Range<T> range, T value)
            where T : IComparable<T>, IEquatable<T>
        {
            return value.CompareTo(range.End) <= 0;
        }

public SortedList<T> RemoveDuplicates()
        {
            var result = new SortedList<T>(Count, comparison);
            result.list.Add(list[0]);
            for (int i = 1; i < Count; i++)
                if (result.Maximum.CompareTo(list[i]) < 0)
                    result.list.Add(list[i]);
            return result;
        }

public int CompareTo(TimingPoint<T> other) => TimePosition.CompareTo(other.TimePosition);

public static bool BeforeExclusiveEnd<T>(this Range<T> range, T value)
            where T : IComparable<T>, IEquatable<T>
        {
            return value.CompareTo(range.End) < 0;
        }

private static int DefaultComparison(T left, T right) => left.CompareTo(right);

public static T Clamp<T>( T value, T min, T max ) where T : IComparable<T>
    {
      return value.CompareTo( min ) < 0 ? min : value.CompareTo( max ) > 0 ? max : value;
    }

public static T Clamp<T>(this T val, T min, T max) where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            if(val.CompareTo(min) < 0)
            {
                return min;
            }
            else if(val.CompareTo(max) > 0)
            {
                return max;
            }
            else
            {
                return val;
            }
        }

public unsafe bool VectorLessThreplacedl(T value, out int index)
        {
            ThrowIfInvalid();
            index = -1;
            bool r = true;
            int c = Vector<T>.Count;
            int i;
            Vector<T> v = new Vector<T>(value);
            Vector<T> O = Vector<T>.One;
            for (i = 0; i <= _Length - c; i+= c)
            {
                Vector<T> s = Unsafe.Read<Vector<T>>(BufferHelpers.Add<T>(_Ptr, i).ToPointer());
                Vector<T> vcmp = Vector.LessThan(s, v);
                if (vcmp == O)
                {
                    continue;
                }
                else
                {
                    r = false;
                    for (int j = 0; j < c; j++)
                    {
                        if (vcmp[j].Equals(default))                      
                        {
                            index = i + j;
                            return r;
                        }
                    }
                    return r;
                }
            }

            for (; i < _Length; ++i)
            {
                if (Read(i).CompareTo(value) >= 0)
                {
                    r = false;
                    index = i;
                    return r;
                }
            }
            return r;
        }

public static bool InRange<T>([NotNull] this T @this, T minValue, T maxValue) where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            return @this.CompareTo(minValue) >= 0 && @this.CompareTo(maxValue) <= 0;
        }

public static Pair<T> newSorted(T p0, T p1) 
	{ 
		bool isSorted = p0.CompareTo (p1) <= 0;
		return new Pair<T> (isSorted ? p0 : p1, isSorted ? p1 : p0);
	}

public int CompareTo(IPair<T> b)
	{ 
		return b.IsNull () ? 
			1 : this.Equals (b) ? 
				0 : _p0.CompareTo (b.p0); 
	}

public void Add(T item)
        {
            data.Add(item);
            int childIndex = data.Count - 1;
            while (childIndex > 0)
            {
                int parentIndex = (childIndex - 1) / 2;
                if (data[childIndex].CompareTo(data[parentIndex]) >= 0)
                    break;

                SwapParentAndChild(parentIndex, childIndex);
                childIndex = parentIndex;
            }
        }

public T Poll()
        {
            if (IsEmpty())
                return default(T);

            // replacedumes pq is not empty; up to calling code
            int lastIndex = data.Count - 1; 
            T fronreplacedem = data[0];   // fetch the front
            data[0] = data[lastIndex];
            data.RemoveAt(lastIndex);

            --lastIndex; 
            int parentIndex = 0; 
            while (true)
            {
                int leftChildIndex = parentIndex * 2 + 1; // left child index of parent
                if (leftChildIndex > lastIndex)
                    break;  // no children so done

                int rightChild = leftChildIndex + 1;

                // if there is a rc (ci + 1), and it is smaller than left child, use the rc instead
                if (rightChild <= lastIndex && data[rightChild].CompareTo(data[leftChildIndex]) < 0)
                    leftChildIndex = rightChild;

                if (data[parentIndex].CompareTo(data[leftChildIndex]) <= 0)
                    break; // parent is smaller than (or equal to) smallest child so done

                SwapParentAndChild(parentIndex, leftChildIndex);
                parentIndex = leftChildIndex;
            }
            return fronreplacedem;
        }

public bool IsConsistent()
        {
            // is the heap property true for all data?
            if (data.Count == 0)
                return true;
            int li = data.Count - 1; // last index
            for (int pi = 0; pi < data.Count; ++pi) // each parent index
            {
                int lci = 2 * pi + 1; // left child index
                int rci = 2 * pi + 2; // right child index

                if (lci <= li && data[pi].CompareTo(data[lci]) > 0)
                    return false; // if lc exists and it's greater than parent then bad.
                if (rci <= li && data[pi].CompareTo(data[rci]) > 0) 
                        return false; // check the right child too.
            }
            return true; 
        }

public virtual void Add(T item)
		{
			int index = heap.Count;
			
			// Add to the end of the heap
			heap.Add(item);
			
			// Continue until the item is at the top
			// or compares higher to the parent item
			while((index > 0) && (heap[index].CompareTo(heap[ParentOf(index)]) > 0))
			{
				// Swap with parent item
				SwapItems(index, ParentOf(index));
				index = ParentOf(index);
			}
		}

public virtual void RemoveAt(int index)
		{
			int newindex = index;
			
			// Replace with last item
			heap[index] = heap[heap.Count - 1];
			heap.RemoveAt(heap.Count - 1);
			
			// Continue while item has at least a left child
			while(LeftOf(index) < heap.Count)
			{
				// Right childs also available?
				if(RightOf(index) < heap.Count)
				{
					// Compare with both childs
					// NOTE: Using newindex as indexer in the second line to ensure the lowest of both is chosen
					if(heap[index].CompareTo(heap[LeftOf(index)]) < 0) newindex = LeftOf(index);
					if(heap[newindex].CompareTo(heap[RightOf(index)]) < 0) newindex = RightOf(index);
				}
				// Only left child available
				else
				{
					// Compare with left child
					if(heap[index].CompareTo(heap[LeftOf(index)]) < 0) newindex = LeftOf(index);
				}

				// Item should move down?
				if(newindex != index)
				{
					// Swap the items
					SwapItems(index, newindex);
					index = newindex;
				}
				else
				{
					// Item is fine where it is, we're done
					break;
				}
			}
		}

protected virtual void OnMinValueChanged()
        {
            Task.Run(() =>
            {
                var minValue = FromString(MinValueRaw);
                var maxValue = FromString(MaxValueRaw);

                var minCompareValue = Min.CompareTo(Max) < 0 ? Min : Max;
                minCompareValue = minCompareValue.CompareTo(minValue) < 0 ? minValue : minCompareValue;
                minCompareValue = minCompareValue.CompareTo(maxValue) > 0 ? maxValue : minCompareValue;

                InvokeOnMainThread(() => Min = minCompareValue);

                SelectedValue.MinValue = ToRawString(Min);
            });
        }

protected virtual void OnMaxValueChanged()
        {
            Task.Run(() =>
            {
                var minValue = FromString(MinValueRaw);
                var maxValue = FromString(MaxValueRaw);

                var maxCompareValue = Max.CompareTo(Min) > 0 ? Max : Min;
                maxCompareValue = maxCompareValue.CompareTo(minValue) < 0 ? minValue : maxCompareValue;
                maxCompareValue = maxCompareValue.CompareTo(maxValue) > 0 ? maxValue : maxCompareValue;

                InvokeOnMainThread(() => Max = maxCompareValue);

                SelectedValue.MaxValue = ToRawString(Max);
            });
        }

protected virtual void OnMinValueChanged()
        {
            Task.Run(() =>
            {
                var minValue = FromString(MinValueRaw);
                var maxValue = FromString(MaxValueRaw);

                var minCompareValue = Min.CompareTo(Max) < 0 ? Min : Max;
                minCompareValue = minCompareValue.CompareTo(minValue) < 0 ? minValue : minCompareValue;
                minCompareValue = minCompareValue.CompareTo(maxValue) > 0 ? maxValue : minCompareValue;

                InvokeOnMainThread(() => Min = minCompareValue);

                SelectedValue.MinValue = ToRawString(Min);
                RaisePropertyChanged(() => SelectedValue);
            });
        }

protected virtual void OnMaxValueChanged()
        {
            Task.Run(() =>
            {
                var minValue = FromString(MinValueRaw);
                var maxValue = FromString(MaxValueRaw);

                var maxCompareValue = Max.CompareTo(Min) > 0 ? Max : Min;
                maxCompareValue = maxCompareValue.CompareTo(minValue) < 0 ? minValue : maxCompareValue;
                maxCompareValue = maxCompareValue.CompareTo(maxValue) > 0 ? maxValue : maxCompareValue;

                InvokeOnMainThread(() => Max = maxCompareValue);

                SelectedValue.MaxValue = ToRawString(Max);
                RaisePropertyChanged(() => SelectedValue);
            });
        }

public static T Clamp<T>(this T value, T min, T max) where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            if (value.CompareTo(min) < 0)
                return min;
            else if (value.CompareTo(max) > 0)
                return max;
            return value;
        }

public static bool IsClampedIn<T>(this T value, T min, T max) where T : IComparable<T> =>
            value.CompareTo(min) >= 0 && value.CompareTo(max) <= 0;

public bool Contains(T point)
        {
            return point.CompareTo(Start) >= 0 && point.CompareTo(End) < 0;
        }

public bool Overlaps(Range<T> other)
        {
            return Start.CompareTo(other.End) < 0 && End.CompareTo(other.Start) > 0;
        }

public int CompareTo(Range<T> other)
        {
            return Start.CompareTo(other.Start);
        }

private static T Min(T x, T y)
        {
            return x.CompareTo(y) < 0 ? x : y;
        }

private static T Max(T x, T y)
        {
            return x.CompareTo(y) > 0 ? x : y;
        }

public static IEnumerable<T> OutOfRange<T>(this IGuardClause guardClause, IEnumerable<T> input, string parameterName, T rangeFrom, T rangeTo, string? message = null) where T : IComparable, IComparable<T>
        {
            if (rangeFrom.CompareTo(rangeTo) > 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(message ?? $"{nameof(rangeFrom)} should be less or equal than {nameof(rangeTo)}");
            }

            if (input.Any(x => x.CompareTo(rangeFrom) < 0 || x.CompareTo(rangeTo) > 0))
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
                {
                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(parameterName, message ?? $"Input {parameterName} had out of range item(s)");
                }
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(message, (Exception?)null);
            }

            return input;
        }

public static T OutOfRange<T>(this IGuardClause guardClause, T input, [JetBrainsInvokerParameterName] string parameterName, T rangeFrom, T rangeTo, string? message = null) where T : IComparable, IComparable<T>
        {
            if (rangeFrom.CompareTo(rangeTo) > 0)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException(message ?? $"{nameof(rangeFrom)} should be less or equal than {nameof(rangeTo)}");
            }

            if (input.CompareTo(rangeFrom) < 0 || input.CompareTo(rangeTo) > 0)
            {
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
                {
                    throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(parameterName, $"Input {parameterName} was out of range");
                }
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(message, (Exception?)null);
            }

            return input;
        }

public static T MinWith<T>(this T first, params T[] args) where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            if (args?.Length > 0)
            {
                var argmin = args.Min();
                return argmin.CompareTo(first) < 0 ? argmin : first;
            }
            return first;
        }

public static T MaxWith<T>(this T first, params T[] args) where T : IComparable<T>
        {
            if (args?.Length > 0)
            {
                var argmax = args.Max();
                return argmax.CompareTo(first) > 0 ? argmax : first;
            }
            return first;
        }

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