System.BitConverter.ToInt32(byte[], int)

private void Detect()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                if (!flag)
                {
                    var Procs = Process.GetProcessesByName("th12");

                    if (Procs.Length > 0)
                    {
                        // Open TH12.exe with PROCESS_VM_READ (0x0010).
                        _handle = OpenProcess(0x10, false, Procs.FirstOrDefault().Id);

                        if (_handle != null)
                            processStatus = true;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (IsScoreReached)
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                    
                    int bytesRead = 0;
                    byte[] _buffer = new byte[4]; // Will read 4 bytes of memory

                    /*
                     * Read Level
                     * 
                     * In TH12 ~ Undefined Fantastic Object, Level is stored in
                     * [base address] + 0xAEBD0, as 4bytes int value.
                     * 
                     */ 
                    var readLevel = ReadProcessMemory((int)_handle, 0x004AEBD0, _buffer, 2, ref bytesRead);
                    if (!readLevel)
                    {
                        flag = false;
                        continue;
                    }

                    /*
                     * Level Codes
                     * 0 - Easy; 1 - Normal; 2 - Hard; 3 - Lunatic; ? - Extra
                     * 
                     */
                    if (BitConverter.ToInt16(_buffer, 0) != 3)
                    {
                        ProcStatus.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(() => {
                            ProcStatus.Text = "NOT LUNATIC LEVEL!";
                        }));
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        ProcStatus.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(() => {
                            ProcStatus.Text = "Process Working";
                        }));
                    }

                    /*
                     * Read Score
                     * 
                     * Once level is detected as LUNATIC, 
                     * rensenWare reads score from process.
                     * 
                     * Score is stored in
                     * [base address] + 0xB0C44, as 4bytes int value.
                     * 
                     */
                    var readScore = ReadProcessMemory((int)_handle, 0x004B0C44, _buffer, 4, ref bytesRead);
                    if (!readScore)
                    {
                        flag = false;
                        continue;
                    }

                    ScoreStatus.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(() =>
                    {
                        ScoreStatus.Text = (BitConverter.ToInt32(_buffer, 0) * 10).ToString();
                    }));

                    /*
                     * One interesting thing,
                     * internally, touhou project process prints score as 10 times of original value.
                     * I don't know why it is.
                     */ 
                    if (BitConverter.ToInt32(_buffer, 0) > 20000000) // It is 20,000,000
                        IsScoreReached = true;
                    else
                        _buffer = null;
                }

                // Let CPU rest
                Thread.Sleep(100);
            }

            // Create Random Key/IV File in Desktop of Current User.
            File.WriteAllBytes(Program.KeyFilePath, Program.randomKey);
            File.WriteAllBytes(Program.IVFilePath, Program.randomIV);

            decryptProgress.Maximum = Program.encryptedFiles.Count;

            foreach (var path in Program.encryptedFiles)
            {
                try
                {
                    DecryptStatus.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(() =>
                    {
                        DecryptStatus.Text = Path.GetFileName(path);
                    }));

                    // Do Decrypt

                    decryptProgress.Value++;
                }
                catch
                {
                    continue;
                }
            }

            this.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(() => {
                MessageBox.Show("Decryption Complete!\nIf there are encrypted files exists, use manual decrypter with key/IV files saved in desktop!");
                
                ButtonManualDecrypt.Visible = true;
                ButtonExit.Visible = true;
            }));            
        }

private int MaxAuthTagSize(IntPtr hAlg)
        {
            byte[] tagLengthsValue = GetProperty(hAlg, BCrypt.BCRYPT_AUTH_TAG_LENGTH);

            return BitConverter.ToInt32(new[] { tagLengthsValue[4], tagLengthsValue[5], tagLengthsValue[6], tagLengthsValue[7] }, 0);
        }

private void WaitForConnectionCallback(IAsyncResult result)
        {
            if (server == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            try
            {
                server.EndWaitForConnection(result);
            }
            catch (ObjectDisposedException)
            {
                return;
            }

            byte[] replySizeBuffer = new byte[sizeof(int)];
            server.ProperRead(replySizeBuffer, 0, replySizeBuffer.Length);

            int messageLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(replySizeBuffer, 0);

            byte[] messageBytes = new byte[messageLength];

            server.ProperRead(messageBytes, 0, messageLength);

            List<string> parameters = DecodeMessageBuffer(messageBytes);

            if (!TryGetValue(parameters[0], "command=", out string command))
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException("The first item must be a command.");
            }

            if (command.Equals("gmic_qt_get_max_layer_size", StringComparison.Ordinal))
            {
                if (!TryGetValue(parameters[1], "mode=", out string mode))
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("The second item must be the input mode.");
                }

                InputMode inputMode = ParseInputMode(mode);

#if DEBUG
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("'gmic_qt_get_max_layer_size' received. mode=" + inputMode.ToString());
#endif
                string reply = GetMaxLayerSize(inputMode);

                SendMessage(server, reply);
            }
            else if (command.Equals("gmic_qt_get_cropped_images", StringComparison.Ordinal))
            {
                if (!TryGetValue(parameters[1], "mode=", out string mode))
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("The second item must be the input mode.");
                }

                if (!TryGetValue(parameters[2], "croprect=", out string packedCropRect))
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("The third item must be the crop rectangle.");
                }

                InputMode inputMode = ParseInputMode(mode);
                RectangleF cropRect = GetCropRectangle(packedCropRect);

#if DEBUG
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
                                                                 "'gmic_qt_get_cropped_images' received. mode={0}, cropRect={1}",
                                                                 inputMode.ToString(), cropRect.ToString()));
#endif
                string reply = PrepareCroppedLayers(inputMode, cropRect);

                SendMessage(server, reply);
            }
            else if (command.Equals("gmic_qt_output_images", StringComparison.Ordinal))
            {
                if (!TryGetValue(parameters[1], "mode=", out string mode))
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("The second item must be the output mode.");
                }

                OutputMode outputMode = ParseOutputMode(mode);

#if DEBUG
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("'gmic_qt_output_images' received. mode=" + outputMode.ToString());
#endif

                List<string> outputLayers = parameters.GetRange(2, parameters.Count - 2);

                string reply = ProcessOutputImage(outputLayers, outputMode);
                SendMessage(server, reply);
            }
            else if (command.Equals("gmic_qt_release_shared_memory", StringComparison.Ordinal))
            {
#if DEBUG
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine("'gmic_qt_release_shared_memory' received.");
#endif

                for (int i = 0; i < memoryMappedFiles.Count; i++)
                {
                    memoryMappedFiles[i].Dispose();
                }
                memoryMappedFiles.Clear();

                SendMessage(server, "done");
            }
            else if (command.Equals("gmic_qt_get_max_layer_data_length", StringComparison.Ordinal))
            {
                // This command is used to prevent images larger than 4GB from being used on a 32-bit version of G'MIC.
                // Attempting to map an image that size into memory would cause an integer overflow when casting a 64-bit
                // integer to the unsigned 32-bit size_t type.
                long maxDataLength = 0;

                foreach (GmicLayer layer in layers)
                {
                    maxDataLength = Math.Max(maxDataLength, layer.Surface.Scan0.Length);
                }

                server.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(sizeof(long)), 0, 4);
                server.Write(BitConverter.GetBytes(maxDataLength), 0, 8);
            }

            // Wait for the acknowledgment that the client is done reading.
            if (server.IsConnected)
            {
                byte[] doneMessageBuffer = new byte[4];
                int bytesRead = 0;
                int bytesToRead = doneMessageBuffer.Length;

                do
                {
                    int n = server.Read(doneMessageBuffer, bytesRead, bytesToRead);

                    bytesRead += n;
                    bytesToRead -= n;

                } while (bytesToRead > 0 && server.IsConnected);
            }

            // Start a new server and wait for the next connection.
            server.Dispose();
            server = new NamedPipeServerStream(pipeName, PipeDirection.InOut, 1, PipeTransmissionMode.Byte, PipeOptions.Asynchronous);

            server.BeginWaitForConnection(WaitForConnectionCallback, null);
        }

private IntPtr ImportKey(IntPtr hAlg, byte[] key, out IntPtr hKey)
        {
            byte[] objLength = GetProperty(hAlg, BCrypt.BCRYPT_OBJECT_LENGTH);

            int keyDataSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(objLength, 0);

            IntPtr keyDataBuffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(keyDataSize);

            byte[] keyBlob = Concat(BCrypt.BCRYPT_KEY_DATA_BLOB_MAGIC, BitConverter.GetBytes(0x1), BitConverter.GetBytes(key.Length), key);

            uint status = BCrypt.BCryptImportKey(hAlg, IntPtr.Zero, BCrypt.BCRYPT_KEY_DATA_BLOB, out hKey, keyDataBuffer, keyDataSize, keyBlob, keyBlob.Length, 0x0);

            if (status != BCrypt.ERROR_SUCCESS)
                throw new CryptographicException(string.Format("BCrypt.BCryptImportKey() failed with status code:{0}", status));

            return keyDataBuffer;
        }

public static Ird Parse(byte[] content)
        {
            if (content == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(content));

            if (content.Length < 200)
                throw new ArgumentException("Data is too small to be a valid IRD structure", nameof(content));

            if (BitConverter.ToInt32(content, 0) != Ird.Magic)
                using (var compressedStream = new MemoryStream(content, false))
                using (var gzip = new GZipStream(compressedStream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
                using (var decompressedStream = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    gzip.CopyTo(decompressedStream);
                    content = decompressedStream.ToArray();
                }
            if (BitConverter.ToInt32(content, 0) != Ird.Magic)
                throw new FormatException("Not a valid IRD file");

            var result = new Ird();
            using (var stream = new MemoryStream(content, false))
            using (var reader = new BinaryReader(stream, Encoding.UTF8))
            {
                reader.ReadInt32(); // magic
                result.Version = reader.ReadByte();
                result.ProductCode = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(reader.ReadBytes(9));
                result.replacedleLength = reader.ReadByte();
                result.replacedle = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(reader.ReadBytes(result.replacedleLength));
                result.UpdateVersion = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(reader.ReadBytes(4)).Trim();
                result.GameVersion = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(reader.ReadBytes(5)).Trim();
                result.AppVersion = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(reader.ReadBytes(5)).Trim();
                if (result.Version == 7)
                    result.Id = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.HeaderLength = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.Header = reader.ReadBytes(result.HeaderLength);
                result.FooterLength = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.Footer = reader.ReadBytes(result.FooterLength);
                result.RegionCount = reader.ReadByte();
                result.RegionMd5Checksums = new List<byte[]>(result.RegionCount);
                for (var i = 0; i < result.RegionCount; i++)
                    result.RegionMd5Checksums.Add(reader.ReadBytes(16));
                result.FileCount = reader.ReadInt32();
                result.Files = new List<IrdFile>(result.FileCount);
                for (var i = 0; i < result.FileCount; i++)
                {
                    var file = new IrdFile();
                    file.Offset = reader.ReadInt64();
                    file.Md5Checksum = reader.ReadBytes(16);
                    result.Files.Add(file);
                }
                result.Unknown = reader.ReadInt32();
                if (result.Version == 9)
                    result.Pic = reader.ReadBytes(115);
                result.Data1 = reader.ReadBytes(16);
                result.Data2 = reader.ReadBytes(16);
                if (result.Version < 9)
                    result.Pic = reader.ReadBytes(115);
                result.Uid = reader.ReadInt32();
                var dataLength = reader.BaseStream.Position;
                result.Crc32 = reader.ReadUInt32();

                var crc32 = Crc32Algorithm.Compute(content, 0, (int)dataLength);
                if (result.Crc32 != crc32)
                    throw new InvalidDataException($"Corrupted IRD data, expected {result.Crc32:x8}, but was {crc32:x8}");
            }
            return result;
        }

public static object RandomValue(this Type t, bool stringValueAllowEmpty = true)
        {
            if (t.IsPrimitive)
            {
                if (t == typeof(byte))
                {
                    return (byte)(Rand.Next(byte.MaxValue - byte.MinValue + 1) + byte.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(sbyte))
                {
                    return (sbyte)(Rand.Next(sbyte.MaxValue - sbyte.MinValue + 1) + sbyte.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(short))
                {
                    return (short)(Rand.Next(short.MaxValue - short.MinValue + 1) + short.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(ushort))
                {
                    return (ushort)(Rand.Next(ushort.MaxValue - ushort.MinValue + 1) + ushort.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(int))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[4];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(uint))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[4];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToUInt32(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(long))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[8];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToInt64(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(ulong))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[8];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToUInt64(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(float))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[4];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    var f = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, 0);
                    if (float.IsNaN(f))
                        f = (float)RandomValue<short>();
                    return f;
                }

                if (t == typeof(double))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[8];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    var d= BitConverter.ToDouble(bytes, 0);
                    if (double.IsNaN(d))
                        d = (double)RandomValue<short>();
                    return d;
                }

                if (t == typeof(char))
                {
                    var roll = Rand.Next(ASCII.Length);

                    return ASCII[roll];
                }

                if (t == typeof(bool))
                {
                    return (Rand.Next(2) == 1);
                }

                throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }

            if (t == typeof(decimal))
            {
                return new decimal((int)typeof(int).RandomValue(), (int)typeof(int).RandomValue(), (int)typeof(int).RandomValue(), false, 28);
            }

            if (t == typeof(string))
            {
                int start = stringValueAllowEmpty ? 0 : 1;
                var len = Rand.Next(start, 40);
                var c = new char[len];
                for (var i = 0; i < c.Length; i++)
                {
                    c[i] = (char)typeof(char).RandomValue();
                }

                return new string(c);
            }

            if (t == typeof(DateTime))
            {
                var epoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);

                var bytes = new byte[4];
                Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                var secsOffset = BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);

                var retDate = epoch.AddSeconds(secsOffset);

                return retDate;
            }

            if (t == typeof(TimeSpan))
            {
                return new TimeSpan(RandomValue<DateTime>().Ticks);
            }

            if (t == typeof(DataTable))
            {
                DataTable dt = new DataTable();
                int coluCount = Rand.Next(10, 30);
                for (int i = 0; i < coluCount; i++)
                {
                    string n = RandomHelper.RandomValue<string>(false);
                    while(dt.Columns.Contains(n))
                        n = RandomHelper.RandomValue<string>(false);
                    dt.Columns.Add(n, typeof(object));
                }
                int rowCount = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
                {
                    var row = new object[coluCount];
                    for (int zi = 0; zi < coluCount; zi++)
                    {
                        row[zi] = RandomHelper.RandomValue<object>();
                    }
                    dt.Rows.Add(row);
                }
                return dt;
            }

            if (t.IsNullable())
            {
                // leave it unset
                if (Rand.Next(2) == 0)
                {
                    // null!
                    return Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                }

                var underlying = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(t);
                var val = underlying.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);

                var cons = t.GetConstructor(new[] { underlying });

                return cons.Invoke(new object[] { val });
            }

            if (t.IsEnum)
            {
                var allValues = Enum.GetValues(t);
                var ix = Rand.Next(allValues.Length);

                return allValues.GetValue(ix);
            }

            if (t.IsArray)
            {
                var valType = t.GetElementType();
                var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                var ret = Array.CreateInstance(valType, len);
                //var add = t.GetMethod("SetValue");
                for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                {
                    var elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                    ret.SetValue(elem, i);
                }

                return ret;
            }

            if (t.IsGenericType)
            {
                var defind = t.GetGenericTypeDefinition();
                if (defind == typeof(HashSet<>))
                {
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var ret = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                    var add = t.GetMethod("Add");
                    var contains = t.GetMethod("Contains");

                    var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                    {
                        var elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        while (elem == null || (bool)contains.Invoke(ret, new object[] { elem }))
                            elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        add.Invoke(ret, new object[] { elem });
                    }

                    return ret;
                }
                if (defind == typeof(Dictionary<,>))
                {
                    var keyType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[1];
                    var ret = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                    var add = t.GetMethod("Add");
                    var contains = t.GetMethod("ContainsKey");

                    var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                    if (keyType == typeof(Boolean))
                        len = 2;
                    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                    {
                        var val = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        var key = keyType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                       

                        while (key == null || (bool)contains.Invoke(ret, new object[] { key }))
                            key = keyType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        add.Invoke(ret, new object[] { key, val });
                    }

                    return ret;
                }
                if (defind == typeof(List<>))
                {
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var ret = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                    var add = t.GetMethod("Add");

                    var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                    {
                        var elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        add.Invoke(ret, new object[] { elem });
                    }

                    return ret;
                }
                if (defind == typeof(ArraySegment<>))
                {
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var ary = valType.MakeArrayType().RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                    var lenT = ary.GetType().GetProperty("Length");
                    var offset = Rand.Next(0, (int)lenT.GetValue(ary) - 1);
                    var len = (int)lenT.GetValue(ary) - offset;

                    return Activator.CreateInstance(t, ary, offset, len);
                }
            }

            if (t == typeof(Guid))
                return Guid.NewGuid();

            if (t == typeof(object))
            {
                var code = Rand.Next(0, 9);
                switch (code)
                {
                    case 0:
                        return RandomValue<int>();
                    case 1:
                        return RandomValue<long>();
                    case 2:
                        return RandomValue<Char>();
                    case 3:
                        return RandomValue<DateTime>();
                    case 4:
                        return RandomValue<string>(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                    case 5:
                        return RandomValue<Guid>();
                    case 6:
                        return RandomValue<decimal>();
                    case 7:
                        return RandomValue<double>();
                    case 8:
                        return RandomValue<float>();
                    default:
                        return RandomValue<short>();
                }
            }

            //model
            var retObj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
            foreach (var p in t.GetFields())
            {
                //if (Rand.Next(5) == 0) continue;

                var fieldType = p.FieldType;

                p.SetValue(retObj, fieldType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty));
            }

            foreach (var p in t.GetProperties())
            {
                //if (Rand.Next(5) == 0) continue;
                if (p.CanWrite && p.CanRead)
                {
                    var fieldType = p.PropertyType;

                    p.SetValue(retObj, fieldType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty));
                }
            }

            return retObj;
        }

public static int DeserializeInt(byte[] data, ref int offset)
    {
        int ret = BitConverter.ToInt32(data, offset);
        offset += sizeof(int);
        return ret;
    }

public static object RandomValue(this Type t, bool stringValueAllowEmpty = true)
        {
            if (t.IsPrimitive)
            {
                if (t == typeof(byte))
                {
                    return (byte)(Rand.Next(byte.MaxValue - byte.MinValue + 1) + byte.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(sbyte))
                {
                    return (sbyte)(Rand.Next(sbyte.MaxValue - sbyte.MinValue + 1) + sbyte.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(short))
                {
                    return (short)(Rand.Next(short.MaxValue - short.MinValue + 1) + short.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(ushort))
                {
                    return (ushort)(Rand.Next(ushort.MaxValue - ushort.MinValue + 1) + ushort.MinValue);
                }

                if (t == typeof(int))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[4];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(uint))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[4];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToUInt32(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(long))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[8];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToInt64(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(ulong))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[8];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    return BitConverter.ToUInt64(bytes, 0);
                }

                if (t == typeof(float))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[4];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    var f = BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, 0);
                    if (float.IsNaN(f))
                        f = (float)RandomValue<short>();
                    return f;
                }

                if (t == typeof(double))
                {
                    var bytes = new byte[8];
                    Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                    var d = BitConverter.ToDouble(bytes, 0);
                    if (double.IsNaN(d))
                        d = (double)RandomValue<short>();
                    return d;
                }

                if (t == typeof(char))
                {
                    var roll = Rand.Next(ASCII.Length);

                    return ASCII[roll];
                }

                if (t == typeof(bool))
                {
                    return (Rand.Next(2) == 1);
                }

                throw new InvalidOperationException();
            }

            if (t == typeof(decimal))
            {
                return new decimal((int)typeof(int).RandomValue(), (int)typeof(int).RandomValue(), (int)typeof(int).RandomValue(), false, 28);
            }

            if (t == typeof(string))
            {
                int start = stringValueAllowEmpty ? 0 : 1;
                var len = Rand.Next(start, 28);
                var c = new char[len];
                for (var i = 0; i < c.Length; i++)
                {
                    c[i] = (char)typeof(char).RandomValue();
                }

                return new string(c);
            }

            if (t == typeof(DateTime))
            {
                var epoch = new DateTime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);

                var bytes = new byte[4];
                Rand.NextBytes(bytes);

                var secsOffset = BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);

                var retDate = epoch.AddSeconds(secsOffset);

                return retDate;
            }

            if (t == typeof(TimeSpan))
            {
                return new TimeSpan(RandomValue<DateTime>().Ticks);
            }

            if (t == typeof(DataTable))
            {
                DataTable dt = new DataTable();
                int coluCount = Rand.Next(10, 30);
                for (int i = 0; i < coluCount; i++)
                {
                    dt.Columns.Add(RandomHelper.RandomValue<string>(false), typeof(object));
                }
                int rowCount = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
                {
                    var row = new object[coluCount];
                    for (int zi = 0; zi < coluCount; zi++)
                    {
                        row[zi] = RandomHelper.RandomValue<object>();
                    }
                    dt.Rows.Add(row);
                }
                return dt;
            }

            if (t.IsNullable())
            {
                // leave it unset
                if (Rand.Next(2) == 0)
                {
                    // null!
                    return Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                }

                var underlying = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(t);
                var val = underlying.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);

                var cons = t.GetConstructor(new[] { underlying });

                return cons.Invoke(new object[] { val });
            }

            if (t.IsEnum)
            {
                var allValues = Enum.GetValues(t);
                var ix = Rand.Next(allValues.Length);

                return allValues.GetValue(ix);
            }

            if (t.IsArray)
            {
                var valType = t.GetElementType();
                var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                var ret = Array.CreateInstance(valType, len);
                //var add = t.GetMethod("SetValue");
                for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                {
                    var elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                    ret.SetValue(elem, i);
                }

                return ret;
            }

            if (t.IsGenericType)
            {
                var defind = t.GetGenericTypeDefinition();
                if (defind == typeof(HashSet<>))
                {
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var ret = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                    var add = t.GetMethod("Add");
                    var contains = t.GetMethod("Contains");

                    var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                    {
                        var elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        while (elem == null || (bool)contains.Invoke(ret, new object[] { elem }))
                            elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        add.Invoke(ret, new object[] { elem });
                    }

                    return ret;
                }
                if (defind == typeof(Dictionary<,>))
                {
                    var keyType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[1];
                    var ret = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                    var add = t.GetMethod("Add");
                    var contains = t.GetMethod("ContainsKey");

                    var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                    if (keyType == typeof(Boolean))
                        len = 2;
                    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                    {
                        var val = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        var key = keyType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        while (key == null || (bool)contains.Invoke(ret, new object[] { key }))
                            key = keyType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        add.Invoke(ret, new object[] { key, val });
                    }

                    return ret;
                }
                if (defind == typeof(List<>))
                {
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var ret = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
                    var add = t.GetMethod("Add");

                    var len = Rand.Next(20, 50);
                    for (var i = 0; i < len; i++)
                    {
                        var elem = valType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                        add.Invoke(ret, new object[] { elem });
                    }

                    return ret;
                }
                if (defind == typeof(ArraySegment<>))
                {
                    var valType = t.GetGenericArguments()[0];
                    var ary = valType.MakeArrayType().RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                    var lenT = ary.GetType().GetProperty("Length");
                    var offset = Rand.Next(0, (int)lenT.GetValue(ary) - 1);
                    var len = (int)lenT.GetValue(ary) - offset;

                    return Activator.CreateInstance(t, ary, offset, len);
                }
            }

            if (t == typeof(Guid))
                return Guid.NewGuid();

            if (t == typeof(object))
            {
                var code = Rand.Next(0, 9);
                switch (code)
                {
                    case 0:
                        return RandomValue<int>();
                    case 1:
                        return RandomValue<long>();
                    case 2:
                        return RandomValue<Char>();
                    case 3:
                        return RandomValue<DateTime>();
                    case 4:
                        return RandomValue<string>(stringValueAllowEmpty);
                    case 5:
                        return RandomValue<Guid>();
                    case 6:
                        return RandomValue<decimal>();
                    case 7:
                        return RandomValue<double>();
                    case 8:
                        return RandomValue<float>();
                    default:
                        return RandomValue<short>();
                }
            }

            //model
            var retObj = Activator.CreateInstance(t);
            foreach (var p in t.GetFields())
            {
                //if (Rand.Next(5) == 0) continue;

                var fieldType = p.FieldType;

                p.SetValue(retObj, fieldType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty));
            }

            foreach (var p in t.GetProperties())
            {
                //if (Rand.Next(5) == 0) continue;
                if (p.CanWrite && p.CanRead)
                {
                    var fieldType = p.PropertyType;

                    p.SetValue(retObj, fieldType.RandomValue(stringValueAllowEmpty));
                }
            }

            return retObj;
        }

public static int DeSerializeLenPrefix(byte[] data, int offset)
    {
        int lengthPrefix = BitConverter.ToInt32(data, offset); 
        return lengthPrefix;
    }

public static string GetRandomString(int length, bool useNum, bool useLow, bool useUpp, bool useSpe, string custom)
        {
            byte[] b = new byte[4];
            new System.Security.Cryptography.RNGCryptoServiceProvider().GetBytes(b);
            Random r = new Random(BitConverter.ToInt32(b, 0));
            string s = null, str = custom;
            if (useNum == true) { str += "0123456789"; }
            if (useLow == true) { str += "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"; }
            if (useUpp == true) { str += "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"; }
            if (useSpe == true) { str += "!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>[email protected][\\]^_`{|}~"; }
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
            {
                s += str.Substring(r.Next(0, str.Length - 1), 1);
            }
            return s;
        }

private static List<int> GetTriangles(byte[] bytes, PlyHeader header)
        {
            var toSkip = header.VertexCount * GetByteCountPerVertex(header);
            var triangles = new List<int>();
            int facesRead = 0;
            int bytesRead = 0;
            int bytesPerTriangleIndex = 4;
            while (facesRead < header.FaceCount)
            {
                var faceIndex = toSkip + bytesRead;
                var indexCount = bytes[faceIndex];
                if (indexCount == 3)
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < indexCount; i++)
                    {
                        triangles.Add(System.BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes.SubArray(faceIndex + 1 + i * bytesPerTriangleIndex, bytesPerTriangleIndex), 0));
                    }
                    bytesRead += 1 + indexCount * bytesPerTriangleIndex;
                }
                else if (indexCount == 4)
                {
                    var tmp = new List<int>();
                    for (int i = 0; i < indexCount; i++)
                    {
                        tmp.Add(System.BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes.SubArray(faceIndex + 1 + i * bytesPerTriangleIndex, bytesPerTriangleIndex), 0));
                    }
                    triangles.AddRange(QuadToTriangles(tmp));
                    bytesRead += 1 + indexCount * bytesPerTriangleIndex;
                }
                else
                {
                    Debug.LogWarning("Warning: Found a face with more than 4 vertices, skipping...");
                }

                facesRead++;
            }
            return triangles;
        }

protected static int ReadInteger(RdpPacket packet)
        {
            if (packet.ReadByte() != 2)
            {
                throw new Exception("Data Error!");
            }
            int num2 = packet.ReadByte();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[4];

            switch (num2)
            {
                case 4:
                    packet.Read(buffer, 0, 4);
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);

                case 3:
                    packet.Read(buffer, 0, 3);
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);

                case 2:
                    packet.Read(buffer, 0, 2);
                    return BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
            }

            packet.Read(buffer, 0, 1);

            return BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
        }

public static void ReadWaveHeader(Stream stream, out WaveFormat format, out long dataChunkPosition, out int dataChunkLength, List<RiffChunk> chunks)
        {
            dataChunkPosition = -1;
            format = null;
            BinaryReader br = new BinaryReader(stream);
            if (Encoding.ASCII.GetString(br.ReadBytes(4)) != "RIFF")//WaveInterop.mmioStringToFOURCC("RIFF", 0)
            {
                throw new FormatException("Not a WAVE file - no RIFF header");
            }
            uint fileSize = br.ReadUInt32(); // read the file size (minus 8 bytes)
            if (Encoding.ASCII.GetString(br.ReadBytes(4)) != "WAVE")//WaveInterop.mmioStringToFOURCC("WAVE", 0)
            {
                throw new FormatException("Not a WAVE file - no WAVE header");
            }
            int dataChunkID = BitConverter.ToInt32(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("data"), 0); ;//WaveInterop.mmioStringToFOURCC("data", 0)
            int formatChunkId = BitConverter.ToInt32(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("fmt "), 0); ;//WaveInterop.mmioStringToFOURCC("fmt ", 0)
            dataChunkLength = 0;

            // sometimes a file has more data than is specified after the RIFF header
            long stopPosition = Math.Min(fileSize + 8, stream.Length);

            // this -8 is so we can be sure that there are at least 8 bytes for a chunk id and length
            while (stream.Position <= stopPosition - 8)
            {
                Int32 chunkIdentifier = br.ReadInt32();
                Int32 chunkLength = br.ReadInt32();
                if (chunkIdentifier == dataChunkID)
                {
                    dataChunkPosition = stream.Position;
                    dataChunkLength = chunkLength;
                    stream.Position += chunkLength;
                }
                else if (chunkIdentifier == formatChunkId)
                {
                    format = WaveFormat.FromFormatChunk(br, chunkLength);
                }
                else
                {
                    // check for invalid chunk length
                    if (chunkLength < 0 || chunkLength > stream.Length - stream.Position)
                    {
                        Debug.replacedert(false, String.Format("Invalid chunk length {0}, pos: {1}. length: {2}",
                            chunkLength, stream.Position, stream.Length));
                        // an exception will be thrown further down if we haven't got a format and data chunk yet,
                        // otherwise we will tolerate this file despite it having corrupt data at the end
                        break;
                    }
                    if (chunks != null)
                    {
                        chunks.Add(new RiffChunk(chunkIdentifier, chunkLength, stream.Position));
                    }
                    stream.Position += chunkLength;
                }
            }

            if (format == null)
            {
                throw new FormatException("Invalid WAV file - No fmt chunk found");
            }
            if (dataChunkPosition == -1)
            {
                throw new FormatException("Invalid WAV file - No data chunk found");
            }
        }

protected static int ReadLength(RdpPacket packet, string Identifier)
        {
            int num;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[4];
            int num2 = packet.ReadByte();

            switch (num2)
            {
                case 0x84:
                    buffer[3] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    buffer[2] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    buffer[1] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    buffer[0] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    num = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
                    break;

                case 0x83:
                    buffer[2] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    buffer[1] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    buffer[0] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    num = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
                    break;

                case 130:
                    buffer[1] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    buffer[0] = (byte) packet.ReadByte();
                    num = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
                    break;

                case 0x81:
                    num = packet.ReadByte();
                    break;

                default:
                    num = num2;
                    break;
            }

            m_Fixup.Add(Identifier, new Fixup(Identifier, packet.Position, num));

            return num;
        }

public int ReadLittleEndian32()
        {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[4];
            this.Read(buffer, 0, 4);
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0);
        }

public bool TryReadFloat(out float sampleValue)
        {
            sampleValue = 0.0f;
            // 16 bit PCM data
            if (waveFormat.BitsPerSample == 16)
            {
                byte[] value = new byte[2];
                int read = Read(value, 0, 2);
                if (read < 2)
                    return false;
                sampleValue = (float)BitConverter.ToInt16(value, 0) / 32768f;
                return true;
            }
            // 24 bit PCM data
            else if (waveFormat.BitsPerSample == 24)
            {
                byte[] value = new byte[4];
                int read = Read(value, 0, 3);
                if (read < 3)
                    return false;
                if (value[2] > 0x7f)
                {
                    value[3] = 0xff;
                }
                else
                {
                    value[3] = 0x00;
                }
                sampleValue = (float)BitConverter.ToInt32(value, 0) / (float)(0x800000);
                return true;
            }
            // 32 bit PCM data
            if (waveFormat.BitsPerSample == 32 && waveFormat.Encoding == WaveFormatEncoding.Extensible)
            {
                byte[] value = new byte[4];
                int read = Read(value, 0, 4);
                if (read < 4)
                    return false;
                sampleValue = (float)BitConverter.ToInt32(value, 0) / ((float)(Int32.MaxValue) + 1f);
                return true;
            }
            // IEEE float data
            if (waveFormat.BitsPerSample == 32 && waveFormat.Encoding == WaveFormatEncoding.IeeeFloat)
            {
                byte[] value = new byte[4];
                int read = Read(value, 0, 4);
                if (read < 4)
                    return false;
                sampleValue = BitConverter.ToSingle(value, 0);
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                throw new ApplicationException("Only 16, 24 or 32 bit PCM or IEEE float audio data supported");
            }
        }

public override int ReadInt32()
        {
            if (endian == EndianType.BigEndian)
            {
                a32 = ReadBytes(4);
                Array.Reverse(a32);
                return BitConverter.ToInt32(a32, 0);
            }
            return base.ReadInt32();
        }

private static float[] Convert24BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(byte[] source, int headerOffset, int dataSize)
		{
			int wavSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(source, headerOffset);
			headerOffset += sizeof(int);
			Debug.replacedertFormat(wavSize > 0 && wavSize == dataSize, "Failed to get valid 24-bit wav size: {0} from data bytes: {1} at offset: {2}", wavSize, dataSize, headerOffset);

			int x = 3; // block size = 3
			int convertedSize = wavSize / x;

			int maxValue = Int32.MaxValue;

			float[] data = new float[convertedSize];

			byte[] block = new byte[sizeof(int)]; // using a 4 byte block for copying 3 bytes, then copy bytes with 1 offset

			int offset = 0;
			int i = 0;
			while (i < convertedSize)
			{
				offset = i * x + headerOffset;
				Buffer.BlockCopy(source, offset, block, 1, x);
				data[i] = (float)BitConverter.ToInt32(block, 0) / maxValue;
				++i;
			}

			Debug.replacedertFormat(data.Length == convertedSize, "AudioClip .wav data is wrong size: {0} == {1}", data.Length, convertedSize);

			return data;
		}

public static AudioClip ToAudioClip(byte[] fileBytes, int offsetSamples = 0, string name = "wav")
		{
			//string riff = Encoding.ASCII.GetString (fileBytes, 0, 4);
			//string wave = Encoding.ASCII.GetString (fileBytes, 8, 4);
			int subchunk1 = BitConverter.ToInt32(fileBytes, 16);
			UInt16 audioFormat = BitConverter.ToUInt16(fileBytes, 20);

			// NB: Only uncompressed PCM wav files are supported.
			string formatCode = FormatCode(audioFormat);
			Debug.replacedertFormat(audioFormat == 1 || audioFormat == 65534, "Detected format code '{0}' {1}, but only PCM and WaveFormatExtensable uncompressed formats are currently supported.", audioFormat, formatCode);

			UInt16 channels = BitConverter.ToUInt16(fileBytes, 22);
			int sampleRate = BitConverter.ToInt32(fileBytes, 24);
			//int byteRate = BitConverter.ToInt32 (fileBytes, 28);
			//UInt16 blockAlign = BitConverter.ToUInt16 (fileBytes, 32);
			UInt16 bitDepth = BitConverter.ToUInt16(fileBytes, 34);

			int headerOffset = 16 + 4 + subchunk1 + 4;
			int subchunk2 = BitConverter.ToInt32(fileBytes, headerOffset);
			//Debug.LogFormat ("riff={0} wave={1} subchunk1={2} format={3} channels={4} sampleRate={5} byteRate={6} blockAlign={7} bitDepth={8} headerOffset={9} subchunk2={10} filesize={11}", riff, wave, subchunk1, formatCode, channels, sampleRate, byteRate, blockAlign, bitDepth, headerOffset, subchunk2, fileBytes.Length);

			float[] data;
			switch (bitDepth)
			{
				case 8:
					data = Convert8BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(fileBytes, headerOffset, subchunk2);
					break;
				case 16:
					data = Convert16BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(fileBytes, headerOffset, subchunk2);
					break;
				case 24:
					data = Convert24BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(fileBytes, headerOffset, subchunk2);
					break;
				case 32:
					data = Convert32BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(fileBytes, headerOffset, subchunk2);
					break;
				default:
					throw new Exception(bitDepth + " bit depth is not supported.");
			}

			AudioClip audioClip = AudioClip.Create(name, data.Length, (int)channels, sampleRate, false);
			audioClip.SetData(data, 0);
			return audioClip;
		}

private static float[] Convert32BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(byte[] source, int headerOffset, int dataSize)
		{
			int wavSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(source, headerOffset);
			headerOffset += sizeof(int);
			Debug.replacedertFormat(wavSize > 0 && wavSize == dataSize, "Failed to get valid 32-bit wav size: {0} from data bytes: {1} at offset: {2}", wavSize, dataSize, headerOffset);

			int x = sizeof(float); //  block size = 4
			int convertedSize = wavSize / x;

			Int32 maxValue = Int32.MaxValue;

			float[] data = new float[convertedSize];

			int offset = 0;
			int i = 0;
			while (i < convertedSize)
			{
				offset = i * x + headerOffset;
				data[i] = (float)BitConverter.ToInt32(source, offset) / maxValue;
				++i;
			}

			Debug.replacedertFormat(data.Length == convertedSize, "AudioClip .wav data is wrong size: {0} == {1}", data.Length, convertedSize);

			return data;
		}

public static int ToInt32(Span<byte> buffer, bool littleEndian = false)
        {
            if (!littleEndian)
            {
                buffer.Slice(0, sizeof(int)).Reverse();
            }
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer);
        }

public bool TryDecodeData(Span<byte> buffer, out int consumed)
        {
            v1 = BitConverter.ToDouble(buffer);
            v2 = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer.Slice(sizeof(double)));
            consumed = sizeof(double) + sizeof(int);
            return true;
        }

private static float[] Convert8BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(byte[] source, int headerOffset, int dataSize)
		{
			int wavSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(source, headerOffset);
			headerOffset += sizeof(int);
			Debug.replacedertFormat(wavSize > 0 && wavSize == dataSize, "Failed to get valid 8-bit wav size: {0} from data bytes: {1} at offset: {2}", wavSize, dataSize, headerOffset);

			float[] data = new float[wavSize];

			sbyte maxValue = sbyte.MaxValue;

			int i = 0;
			while (i < wavSize)
			{
				data[i] = (float)source[i] / maxValue;
				++i;
			}

			return data;
		}

private static float[] Convert16BitByteArrayToAudioClipData(byte[] source, int headerOffset, int dataSize)
		{
			int wavSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(source, headerOffset);
			headerOffset += sizeof(int);
			Debug.replacedertFormat(wavSize > 0 && wavSize == dataSize, "Failed to get valid 16-bit wav size: {0} from data bytes: {1} at offset: {2}", wavSize, dataSize, headerOffset);

			int x = sizeof(Int16); // block size = 2
			int convertedSize = wavSize / x;

			float[] data = new float[convertedSize];

			Int16 maxValue = Int16.MaxValue;

			int offset = 0;
			int i = 0;
			while (i < convertedSize)
			{
				offset = i * x + headerOffset;
				data[i] = (float)BitConverter.ToInt16(source, offset) / maxValue;
				++i;
			}

			Debug.replacedertFormat(data.Length == convertedSize, "AudioClip .wav data is wrong size: {0} == {1}", data.Length, convertedSize);

			return data;
		}

public byte[] ReceiveBytes()
        {
            //кол-во байт в начале в которых передается длинна сообщения
            int Int32Length = 4;
            //длина передаваемого сообщения (принимается в первых 4 байтах (константа Int32Length))
            int lenghtAllMessageByte;

            CurrentReceiveRequestLength = Int32Length;
            CurrentRequestStart = DateTime.UtcNow;
            //оставляем кол-во байт к последней отправке, чтобы ждать не только приема этих 4, но и окончания отправки тех CurrentSendRequestLength
            if ((CurrentRequestStart - LastSend).TotalSeconds > 1d) CurrentSendRequestLength = 0;
            try
            {

                byte[] receiveBuffer = ReceiveBytes(Int32Length);
                lenghtAllMessageByte = BitConverter.ToInt32(receiveBuffer, 0);
                if (lenghtAllMessageByte == 0) return new byte[0];

                CurrentSendRequestLength = 0;
                CurrentReceiveRequestLength = lenghtAllMessageByte;
                CurrentRequestStart = DateTime.UtcNow;

                receiveBuffer = ReceiveBytes(lenghtAllMessageByte);
                return receiveBuffer;
            }
            finally
            {
                CurrentRequestStart = DateTime.MinValue;
            }
        }

public override int GetHashCode()
        {
            if (Hash == null || Hash.Length < 8)
            {
                return 0;
            }

            // переводит первые 4 байта в int
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(Hash, 0);
        }

public void ParseMessage(byte[] message)
    {
        byte[] size = new byte[sizeof(int)];
        Buffer.BlockCopy(message, 0, size, 0, sizeof(int));
        byte[] data = new byte[BitConverter.ToInt32(size, 0)];
        Buffer.BlockCopy(message, sizeof(int) + 1, data, 0, data.Length);
        switch (message[sizeof(int)]) // Add cases to this switch for all different types of message the client can receive.
        {
            case (byte)NetworkingFlags.Flags.DEBUG_MESSAGE:
                OnDebugMessage(data);
                break;
            default:
                Debug.LogWarning("WARNING: Unknown byte flag " + message[sizeof(int)] + " .");
                break;
        }
    }

public void ParseMessage(byte[] message, int connectionId)
    {
        byte[] size = new byte[sizeof(int)];
        Buffer.BlockCopy(message, 0, size, 0, sizeof(int));
        byte[] data = new byte[BitConverter.ToInt32(size, 0)];
        Buffer.BlockCopy(message, sizeof(int) + 1, data, 0, data.Length);
        switch (message[sizeof(int)]) // Add cases to this switch for all different types of message the server can receive.
        {
            case (byte)NetworkingFlags.Flags.DEBUG_MESSAGE:
                OnDebugMessage(data, connectionId);
                break;
            default:
                Debug.LogWarning("WARNING: Unknown byte flag " + message[sizeof(int)] + " .");
                break;
        }
    }

public static int ToInt32(byte[] value, int startIndex, ProvidedOrder order)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("value");
            }
            if ((startIndex + sizeof(int)) > value.Length)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("startIndex invalid (not enough space in value to extract an integer", "startIndex");
            }

            if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian && (order == ProvidedOrder.Big))
            {
                byte[] toConvert = new byte[sizeof(int)];
                Array.Copy(value, startIndex, toConvert, 0, sizeof(int));
                Array.Reverse(toConvert);
                return BitConverter.ToInt32(toConvert, 0);
            }
            else
            {
                return BitConverter.ToInt32(value, startIndex);
            }
        }

int UnpackInt32(byte[] buf, ref int offset)
		{
			int value = BitConverter.ToInt32(buf, offset);
			offset += 4;
			return value;
		}

private JObject Read()
        {
            Log.LogMessage("Waiting for Data");

            Stream stdin = Console.OpenStandardInput();

            byte[] lengthBytes = new byte[4];
            stdin.Read(lengthBytes, 0, 4);

            char[] buffer = new char[BitConverter.ToInt32(lengthBytes, 0)];

            using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stdin))
                if (reader.Peek() >= 0)
                    reader.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

            return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<JObject>(new string(buffer));
        }

public static string RandomString(int length)
        {
            var b = new byte[4];
            new RNGCryptoServiceProvider().GetBytes(b);
            var r = new Random(BitConverter.ToInt32(b, 0));
            var ret = string.Empty;
            const string str = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
            for (var i = 0; i < length; i++)
                ret += str.Substring(r.Next(0, str.Length - 1), 1);
            return ret;
        }

public async Task<Int32> ReadInt32Async(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            byte[] readBytes = new byte[sizeof(Int32)];
            int dataread = 0;
            while (sizeof(Int32) - dataread > 0 && (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested))
            {
                Task<int> op = _ioStream.ReadAsync(readBytes, dataread, sizeof(Int32) - dataread, cancellationToken);
                int newData = 0;
                newData = await op.WithCancellation(cancellationToken);
                dataread += newData;
                if (0 == newData)
                {
                    await Task.Delay(100, cancellationToken);
                }
            }

            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(readBytes, 0);
        }

public static int GetInt32(byte[] data, int index = 0) 
            => BitConverter.ToInt32(data, index);

public static string[] GetStringArray(int index, int length, byte[] data)
        {
            List<string> strings = new List<string>();

            for (int position = index; position < index + length;)
            {
                var stringLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(data, position);
                var indexpos = position + 4;
                position = position + 4 + stringLength;


                strings.Add(GetString(data, indexpos, stringLength - 2)); //minus null-terminator
            }

            return strings.ToArray();
        }

public static string PrettyPrintStringArrayFromRaw(byte[] dataRaw)
        {
            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();

            for (int position = 0; position < dataRaw.Length;)
            {
                var stringLength = BitConverter.ToInt32(dataRaw, position);
                var index = position + 4;
                position = position + 4 + stringLength;


                stringBuilder.Append("[ \"" + GetString(dataRaw, index, stringLength).ReplaceMultilineWithSymbols() + "\" ]");
                if (position != dataRaw.Length)
                    stringBuilder.Append(", ");
            }

            return stringBuilder.ToString();
        }

protected int ReadInt()
		{
			var raw = new byte[sizeof(int)];
			this.fileStream.Read(raw, 0, raw.Length);

			var value = BitConverter.ToInt32(raw, 0);

			return value;
		}

public Int32 ReadInt() {
			var bytes = ReadBytes(4);
			EndianUtility.EndianCorrection(bytes);
			return BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
		}

public static int ToInt(this byte[] bytes) {
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0);
        }

public static int Unpack2Int(this byte[] self, int indx)
    {
        return BitConverter.ToInt32(self, indx);
    }

public void Recv(byte[] buff)
    {
        cache.AddRange(buff);
        while (true)
        {
            if (curPkgSize < 0)// if not pkg size
            {
                if (cache.Count > pkgLengthByteSize)
                {
                    //get pkg size
                    cache.CopyTo(0, pkgLengthBytes, 0, pkgLengthByteSize);
                    cache.RemoveRange(0, pkgLengthByteSize);
                    curPkgSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(pkgLengthBytes, 0);
                }
                else
                {
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (cache.Count >= curPkgSize)
            {//get pkg data
                var pkgData = new byte[curPkgSize];
                cache.CopyTo(0, pkgData, 0, pkgData.Length);
                cache.RemoveRange(0, curPkgSize);
                func.Invoke(pkgData);
                //reset pkg size
                curPkgSize = -1;
            }
            else
            {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

public int GetInt32(int index)
    {
        if (CanRead(4))
        {
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(data, RawReadIndex(index));
        }
        return 0;
    }

public static string DecompressString(string compressedText)
        {
            byte[] array = Convert.FromBase64String(compressedText);
            string @string;
            using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                int num = BitConverter.ToInt32(array, 0);
                memoryStream.Write(array, 4, array.Length - 4);
                byte[] array2 = new byte[num];
                memoryStream.Position = 0L;
                using (GZipStream gzipStream = new GZipStream(memoryStream, CompressionMode.Decompress))
                {
                    gzipStream.Read(array2, 0, array2.Length);
                }
                @string = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(array2);
            }
            return @string;
        }

public static int ToInt32(this byte[] bytes, bool bigEndian)
        {
            var needReverse = !bigEndian ^ BitConverter.IsLittleEndian;
            return BitConverter.ToInt32(needReverse ? bytes.Reverse().ToArray() : bytes, 0);
        }

[Fact]
        public void NumericExtensions_ToBytes_For_int()
        {
            int number = -2;
            var bigEndianBytes = number.ToBytes(true);
            ((int)bigEndianBytes.Last()).ShouldBe(254);
            var numberFromBigEndianBytes = BitConverter.ToInt32(BitConverter.IsLittleEndian ? bigEndianBytes.Reverse().ToArray() : bigEndianBytes);
            numberFromBigEndianBytes.ShouldBe(number);

            var littleEndianBytes = number.ToBytes(false);
            ((int)littleEndianBytes.Last()).ShouldBe(255);
            numberFromBigEndianBytes = BitConverter.ToInt32(BitConverter.IsLittleEndian ? littleEndianBytes: littleEndianBytes.Reverse().ToArray());
            numberFromBigEndianBytes.ShouldBe(number);
        }

public override IntPtr[] InjectAll(string[] dllPaths, IntPtr hProcess)
        {
            this.ClearErrors();
            if (hProcess.IsNull() || hProcess.Compare(-1L))
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("hProcess", "Invalid process handle specified.");
            }
            try
            {
                IntPtr zero = IntPtr.Zero;
                IntPtr ptr = this.CreateMultiLoadStub(dllPaths, hProcess, out zero, 0);
                IntPtr[] ptrArray = null;
                if (!ptr.IsNull())
                {
                    try
                    {
                        if (WinAPI.RunThread(hProcess, ptr, 0, 0x2710) == uint.MaxValue)
                        {
                            throw new Exception("Error occurred while executing remote thread.");
                        }
                        byte[] buffer = WinAPI.ReadRemoteMemory(hProcess, zero, ((uint) dllPaths.Length) << 2);
                        if (buffer == null)
                        {
                            throw new InvalidOperationException("Unable to read from the remote process.");
                        }
                        ptrArray = new IntPtr[dllPaths.Length];
                        for (int i = 0; i < ptrArray.Length; i++)
                        {
                            ptrArray[i] = new IntPtr(BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, i << 2));
                        }
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, zero, 0, 0x8000);
                        WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, ptr, 0, 0x8000);
                    }
                }
                return ptrArray;
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                this.SetLastError(exception);
                return null;
            }
        }

public override IntPtr[] InjectAll(string[] dllPaths, IntPtr hProcess)
        {
            Exception exception;
            this.ClearErrors();
            try
            {
                if (hProcess.IsNull() || hProcess.Compare(-1L))
                {
                    throw new ArgumentException("Invalid process handle.", "hProcess");
                }
                int processId = WinAPI.GetProcessId(hProcess);
                if (processId == 0)
                {
                    throw new ArgumentException("Provided handle doesn't have sufficient permissions to inject", "hProcess");
                }
                Process processById = Process.GetProcessById(processId);
                if (processById.Threads.Count == 0)
                {
                    throw new Exception("Target process has no targetable threads to hijack.");
                }
                ProcessThread thread = SelectOptimalThread(processById);
                IntPtr ptr = WinAPI.OpenThread(0x1a, false, thread.Id);
                if (ptr.IsNull() || ptr.Compare(-1L))
                {
                    throw new Exception("Unable to obtain a handle for the remote thread.");
                }
                IntPtr zero = IntPtr.Zero;
                IntPtr lpAddress = IntPtr.Zero;
                IntPtr ptr4 = this.CreateMultiLoadStub(dllPaths, hProcess, out zero, 1);
                IntPtr[] ptrArray = null;
                if (!ptr4.IsNull())
                {
                    if (WinAPI.SuspendThread(ptr) == uint.MaxValue)
                    {
                        throw new Exception("Unable to suspend the remote thread");
                    }
                    try
                    {
                        uint lpNumberOfBytesRead = 0;
                        WinAPI.CONTEXT pContext = new WinAPI.CONTEXT {
                            ContextFlags = 0x10001
                        };
                        if (!WinAPI.GetThreadContext(ptr, ref pContext))
                        {
                            throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot get the remote thread's context");
                        }
                        byte[] array = REDIRECT_STUB;
                        IntPtr ptr5 = WinAPI.VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, IntPtr.Zero, (uint) array.Length, 0x3000, 0x40);
                        if (ptr5.IsNull())
                        {
                            throw new InvalidOperationException("Unable to allocate memory in the remote process.");
                        }
                        BitConverter.GetBytes(ptr4.Subtract(ptr5.Add(((long) 7L))).ToInt32()).CopyTo(array, 3);
                        BitConverter.GetBytes((uint) (pContext.Eip - ((uint) ptr5.Add(((long) array.Length)).ToInt32()))).CopyTo(array, (int) (array.Length - 4));
                        if (!(WinAPI.WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, ptr5, array, array.Length, out lpNumberOfBytesRead) && (lpNumberOfBytesRead == array.Length)))
                        {
                            throw new InvalidOperationException("Unable to write stub to the remote process.");
                        }
                        pContext.Eip = (uint) ptr5.ToInt32();
                        WinAPI.SetThreadContext(ptr, ref pContext);
                    }
                    catch (Exception exception1)
                    {
                        exception = exception1;
                        this.SetLastError(exception);
                        ptrArray = null;
                        WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, zero, 0, 0x8000);
                        WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, ptr4, 0, 0x8000);
                        WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, lpAddress, 0, 0x8000);
                    }
                    WinAPI.ResumeThread(ptr);
                    if (this.GetLastError() == null)
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(100);
                        ptrArray = new IntPtr[dllPaths.Length];
                        byte[] buffer2 = WinAPI.ReadRemoteMemory(hProcess, zero, ((uint) dllPaths.Length) << 2);
                        if (buffer2 != null)
                        {
                            for (int i = 0; i < ptrArray.Length; i++)
                            {
                                ptrArray[i] = Win32Ptr.Create((long) BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer2, i << 2));
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    WinAPI.CloseHandle(ptr);
                }
                return ptrArray;
            }
            catch (Exception exception2)
            {
                exception = exception2;
                this.SetLastError(exception);
                return null;
            }
        }

private void HandleRead(byte[] data, int index, int length)
    {
        if (ReadIndex >= ReadBuffer.Length)
        {
            ReadIndex = 0;
            if (data.Length < 4)
            {
                OnExceptionThrown(new Exception("Missing or corrupt packet header."));
                Disconnect();
                return;
            }

            int PacketSize = BitConverter.ToInt32(data, index);
            if (PacketSize > _MaxPacketSize)
            {
                OnExceptionThrown(new Exception("Packet size exceeds MaxPacketSize."));
                Disconnect();
                return;
            }

            Array.Resize(ref ReadBuffer, PacketSize);
            index += 4;
        }

        int Read = Math.Min(ReadBuffer.Length - ReadIndex, length - index);
        Buffer.BlockCopy(data, index, ReadBuffer, ReadIndex, Read);
        ReadIndex += Read;

        OnReadProgressChanged((ReadIndex / ReadBuffer.Length) * 100, ReadIndex, ReadBuffer.Length);

        if (ReadIndex >= ReadBuffer.Length)
        {
            OnReadPacket(ReadBuffer);
        }

        if (Read < (length - index))
        {
            HandleRead(data, index + Read, length);
        }
    }

public override bool[] UnloadAll(IntPtr[] hModules, IntPtr hProcess)
        {
            bool[] flagArray2;
            this.ClearErrors();
            IntPtr zero = IntPtr.Zero;
            IntPtr ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
            IntPtr ptr3 = IntPtr.Zero;
            try
            {
                int num2;
                uint lpNumberOfBytesRead = 0;
                IntPtr procAddress = WinAPI.GetProcAddress(WinAPI.GetModuleHandleA("kernel32.dll"), "FreeLibrary");
                if (procAddress.IsNull())
                {
                    throw new Exception("Unable to find necessary function entry points in the remote process");
                }
                zero = WinAPI.VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, IntPtr.Zero, ((uint) hModules.Length) << 2, 0x3000, 4);
                ptr = WinAPI.VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, IntPtr.Zero, (uint) ((hModules.Length + 1) << 2), 0x3000, 4);
                ptr3 = WinAPI.VirtualAllocEx(hProcess, IntPtr.Zero, (uint) MULTIUNLOAD_STUB.Length, 0x3000, 0x40);
                if ((zero.IsNull() || ptr.IsNull()) || ptr3.IsNull())
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Unable to allocate memory in the remote process");
                }
                byte[] array = new byte[(hModules.Length + 1) << 2];
                for (num2 = 0; num2 < hModules.Length; num2++)
                {
                    BitConverter.GetBytes(hModules[num2].ToInt32()).CopyTo(array, (int) (num2 << 2));
                }
                WinAPI.WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, ptr, array, array.Length, out lpNumberOfBytesRead);
                byte[] buffer2 = (byte[]) MULTIUNLOAD_STUB.Clone();
                BitConverter.GetBytes(ptr.ToInt32()).CopyTo(buffer2, 7);
                BitConverter.GetBytes(zero.ToInt32()).CopyTo(buffer2, 15);
                BitConverter.GetBytes(procAddress.Subtract(ptr3.Add(((long) 0x38L))).ToInt32()).CopyTo(buffer2, 0x34);
                if (!(WinAPI.WriteProcessMemory(hProcess, ptr3, buffer2, buffer2.Length, out lpNumberOfBytesRead) && (lpNumberOfBytesRead == buffer2.Length)))
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Unable to write the function stub to the remote process.");
                }
                if (WinAPI.RunThread(hProcess, ptr3, 0, 0x3e8) == uint.MaxValue)
                {
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Error occurred when running remote function stub.");
                }
                byte[] buffer3 = WinAPI.ReadRemoteMemory(hProcess, zero, ((uint) hModules.Length) << 2);
                if (buffer3 == null)
                {
                    throw new Exception("Unable to read results from the remote process.");
                }
                bool[] flagArray = new bool[hModules.Length];
                for (num2 = 0; num2 < flagArray.Length; num2++)
                {
                    flagArray[num2] = BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer3, num2 << 2) != 0;
                }
                flagArray2 = flagArray;
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                this.SetLastError(exception);
                flagArray2 = null;
            }
            finally
            {
                WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, ptr3, 0, 0x8000);
                WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, zero, 0, 0x8000);
                WinAPI.VirtualFreeEx(hProcess, ptr, 0, 0x8000);
            }
            return flagArray2;
        }

public static IntPtr ReadRemotePointer(IntPtr hProcess, IntPtr pData)
        {
            IntPtr zero = IntPtr.Zero;
            if (!hProcess.IsNull() && !pData.IsNull())
            {
                byte[] buffer = null;
                buffer = ReadRemoteMemory(hProcess, pData, (uint) IntPtr.Size);
                if (buffer != null)
                {
                    zero = new IntPtr(BitConverter.ToInt32(buffer, 0));
                }
            }
            return zero;
        }